tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30081523191218660922024-02-07T11:32:27.598-08:00Mark Goacher Eco Politics Environmental Campaigner in ColchesterUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger141125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-30100832303766008572020-02-09T07:52:00.001-08:002020-02-09T07:57:43.804-08:00Colchester and District Green Party Glyphosates Working Group Report on Glyphosates<br />
<b><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Under our nose
and feet: Report on Toxic Herbicide Glyphosate in Colchester <o:p></o:p></span></u></b><br />
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<b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Executive summary<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Glyphosate Working Group was formed
during the 2019 summer by Colchester and District Green party to publicise
research about glyphosates and campaign for a ban in the Colchester area. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Glyphosates, known by its more popular
brand name Roundup, is a weed killer used to control weeds in public spaces –
from schools and hospitals to parks, streets and private gardens. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Glyphosates take a long time to degrade.
Producers claim it will degrade in anything from two days to half a year. Other
reports say the figure is actually three years. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Glyphosates have been shown to be harmful
to humans, animals and biodiversity. Research suggests that the weed killer has
been linked to cancer, heart disease, autoimmune conditions such as
inflammatory bowel disease, birth defects and Parkinson’s. Three landmark cases
in the US have seen huge settlements given for glyphosate-caused cancer. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Glyphosates harm animals, including bees
and earthworms, essential for agriculture. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Across EU member states, several have
implemented, or are in the process of implementing, bans of the herbicide. Now
is the time for our council to take local action. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We recommend that CBC should, in the
short-term: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Declare the locations that have been treated with Roundup or
glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop its use in public places, including in children’s play areas
and parks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop glyphosate use in areas which are in close proximity to
residential properties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop all use in areas which are close to rivers, reservoirs and
places with significant wildlife.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Put up necessary warnings in areas that have already been treated.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Warn and urge local schools and hospitals to immediately stop
using glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In the long-term, CBC should: <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Inform residents about the risk and effects of Roundup and glyphosate-based
herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Urge local supermarkets to put up warnings on Roundup and
glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Hold public meetings and inform farmers - as well as residents
living close to agricultural land who face the greatest risk of exposure - on
the serious harm, risks and effects of continuous use and exposure to Roundup
and glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Work with other regional councils and councillors to introduce a
county-wide ban and seek healthier alternatives. This measure would contribute to
public health by removing five tonnes of glyphosate-based toxic chemical
products from the streets of Essex, and prevent wasting approximately £42k of
public money on this product.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Implement appropriate tests and cleaning operations to areas and
soil that have been treated with Roundup and glyphosate-based herbicides by the
Council, ensuring workers and contractors carrying out the work are fully
informed and safely equipped. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Foreword </span></b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Following the exposure of Monsanto’s corruption and
lobbying of journalists and scientists, there has been a growing public
awareness and concern over glyphosate. Documents show that Monsanto and the US
Environmental Protection Agency were well aware of glyphosate’s potential
carcinogenic nature, however agreed to not publish relevant findings and
documents, and instead, keep them “confidential” as “trade secrets”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[1]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In this report, we will:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Explore research that uncovers the harmful effects of </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">glyphosate on humans, wildlife and biodiversity</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Outline the actions taken by Colchester Borough Council (CBC),
Essex County Council (EEC) and other UK councils with respect to glyphosates. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Explore court cases in the US where huge settlements have been
awarded for glyphosate harms. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Look at European country-wide actions against glyphosates.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Outline cost-effective alternatives to glyphosates. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt 38.9pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo11; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Make short-term and long-term recommendations for potential
actions by CBC and ECC. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1 Introduction: What is glyphosate?</span></b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.1 Glyphosate is a chemical compound created by the
agri-chemical giant Monsanto. The patent for glyphosate expired in the 2000s
and it is now used as a base chemical in many herbicide products.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.2 Glyphosate, which is commonly known by its trade
name Roundup, is now owned by the German pharmaceutical giant Bayer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.3 According to the European Commission reports, glyphosate
is the most frequently used herbicide both worldwide and in the European Union<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[2]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1.4 There have been concerns over glyphosate’s link
with cancer for decades. Following recent legal developments and scientific
reports, local authorities as well as countries have started applying a ban on
its use.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Glyphosate use by Colchester Borough
Council<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.1 Publicly available Colchester Borough Council
(CBC) panel reports as well as requests made by locals under the Freedom of
Information Requests show that, at least since 2016, there have been serious
concerns and numerous requests made by the public. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.2 In a Freedom of Information (FOI) request dated
June 2016, Colchester resident Mr Christopher Lee wrote to the council. He
noted that the European Union(EU) had voted and refused to back a limited
extension of the agricultural company Monsanto's licence for glyphosate's sale because
of growing health and environmental concerns. Mr Lee stated that, in the event that
the EU refuses to provide any license at all, what steps CBC will take to ensure
this product is: (1) removed from all local stores, (2) common users of the
product like the Landscape Group, Essex Highways and CBC itself will stop using
the chemical, and (3) these products are then disposed of properly<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[3]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.3 In CBC’s response, Suzanne Norton, CBC Performance
Monitoring Officer informed Mr Lee that while removing products from local
stores and disposing of products fall under the authority and responsibility of
Essex County Council, Colchester Borough Council:“…are(sic) currently working
with contractors to ensure that any consequences arising from the use of glyphosate
and any possible alternatives are fully understood before a final decision can
be made regarding the most suitable way of ensuring that all our responsibilities
are met by the weed control methods employed”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[4]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.4 In another FOI request dated May 2018, the Council
was requested to declare how often and in which areas within the borough it
uses glyphosate. CBC declared that it applies glyphosate as a weed killer on
council-owned land such as garage sites for Colchester Borough Homes, as well
as in sports grounds, playgrounds, borders and verges. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.5 Regarding the question on how frequently it was
being sprayed by the CBC, it was noted that spraying takes place in mid-March,
then again in September.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.6 The exact amount of glyphosate/Roundup used by CBC
was not declared. Despite a previous FOI response which said that the council
will work with contractors to “ensure that any consequences arising from the
use of glyphosate and any possible alternatives are fully understood before a
final decision”, this time no update or information was provided.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.7 It was, however, noted that Essex County Council
(ECC)<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[5]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and Highways England (HE) also
use glyphosate in the areas they are responsible for maintaining, which includes
streets and gutters, and motorways. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.8 It was noted that ECC have said that they have no
plans to change this due to its “effectiveness”. In the same response, a link to
HE was also included. The link had information about a FOI request made to
Highways England about its own use of glyphosate. It was declared that although
HE holds information about how much and how often glyphosate is being used, they
were unable to provide a full answer on the grounds that “it would involve a
considerable diversion of resources and therefore falls under Regulation 12 (4)
(b) of the EIRs as manifestly unreasonable”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[6]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In the latter FOI, information
regarding to applications of glyphosate in Area 2 (Somerset, Avon,
Wilts&Gloucs) and Areas 6&8 (Cambridgeshire, Suffolk, Peterborough,
Norfolk, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire & part of Suffolk) and their
quantities were provided. The data regarding the county of Essex, however, was undeclared.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.9 A recent investigation by the Developer has
revealed that among the 297 local authorities that responded to their FOIA
request, investigators found that Essex is the sixth major user of glyphosate
with 5,015L - which surpasses Norfolk, the biggest spender on glyphosate with
3,875L<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[7]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.10 In a CBC Policy and Publicity Panel dated
September 2018, a member of the public raised the issue of glyphosate. In the response
section, Mrs Cassandra Clements, Community Zones Group Manager, highlighted
that a discussion paper on this matter had been taken to the previous Portfolio
Holder, and since then a discussion had taken place with the ground maintenance
contractor to see what alternatives are available. It also said that “a report
on this matter is being compiled for October 2018” and <span style="background: white; color: black;">that panel members will "also look at Wivenhoe who
(sic) have stopped using certain products in certain areas"<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[8]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.11 CBC and its view on glyphosates<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.11.1 In the FOI response dating May 2018, glyphosate
was described as a “toxic herbicide”, and it was acknowledged that despite being
approved by regulatory bodies, concerns about glyphosate’s effects on humans
and the environment persist.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.11.2 It was noted that EU advisors (the European
Food Standards Agency and the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment –
BfR) claim that "glyphosate alone is not dangerously toxic to humans or
animals” and that “their opinion is based on a limited number of scientific
studies, many of which are industry led, and contradicts the claim from the
World Health Organisation that glyphosate is probably carcinogenic”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2.11.3 It was also acknowledged that the UN’s Food and
Agriculture Organisation (FAO) found that the chemical was “unlikely to pose a
carcinogenic risk to humans from exposure through the diet”. However, FAO’s
focus was glyphosate exposure through crops which have been treated with it.
The WHO report was not limited to exposure through diet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
3 Glyphosate and its activity</span></b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3.1In response to the question of how long it takes
for glyphosate to degrade in soil, the relevant response has been that it “will
eventually” and that producers make the claim that this can be between 2 days
to 6 months. <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3.2 It should be noted that the source was the
producer and that there is a significant gap between 2 days and 182 days or half
a year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3.3 There are conflicting scientific results regarding
degradation. It was noted that some crops have shown residues for up to a year after
the soil has been treated. Other studies, however, have shown that glyphosate
formulations will affect subsequent crops for up to three years after
application.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">4 The effect of glyphosates on human
health<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.1The World
Health Organisation recently branded glyphosates “probably carcinogenic to
humans”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.2 Those most
vulnerable to glyphosate toxicity are children playing in parks where the
herbicide is sprayed and the workers spraying it. In London, Hammersmith &
Fulham Council was the first to halt the use of these potentially harmful
sprays in their parks and open spaces. The borough has been pioneering trials
of chemical-free weed killers. The scrapping of controversial glyphosate-based
weed killers, which were used by council contractors, is a key part of the Council’s
ambition to protect residents’ health and become the greenest local authority
in the country. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 18pt; mso-add-space: auto; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.3 Pesticide
Action Network’s (PAN) UK Director, Keith Tyrell, said at the time: "We
warmly welcome Hammersmith & Fulham's decisive action in taking the decision
to stop using these herbicides and hope to work closely with them on this
project”. Previously, the Council’s contractors - Quadron, Pinnacle and Serco -
used various forms of glyphosate herbicides across the borough’s parks,
roadsides and other public green spaces. The Council instructed them to stop
using these herbicides. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">4.4 Most of the glyphosate restrictions or bans
throughout the world were introduced following the </span><span style="color: black; mso-color-alt: windowtext;"><a href="https://www.baumhedlundlaw.com/toxic-tort-law/monsanto-roundup-lawsuit/who-glyphosate-cancer-study/" target="_blank"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; text-decoration: none;">2015 International Agency for
Research on Cancer’s (IARC) report on glyphosate</span></a></span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">. This
report concluded that glyphosate is a “probable human carcinogen”. According to
the report</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">, the
cancers most associated with glyphosate exposure were found to be non-Hodgkin
lymphoma and other </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-color-alt: windowtext;">hematopoietic cancers. The report further concluded
that glyphosate exposure caused DNA and chromosomal damage in human cells, as
well as genotoxic, hormonal and enzymatic effects in mammals.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.5 Other
glyphosate studies have linked the chemical to a number of health issues,
including, but not limited to: ADHD, Alzheimer’s Disease, Autism, Birth
Defects, various forms of cancer, Coeliac Disease, Colitis, Heart Disease,
Inflammatory Bowel Syndrome, Kidney Disease, </span><a href="https://www.baumhedlundlaw.com/study-links-roundup-and-liver-disease/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; text-decoration: none;">Liver Disease</span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> and Parkinson’s
Disease. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.6 The number of
cities, counties, states and countries throughout the world who have taken
steps to <span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">ban </span>glyphosates
steadily increased. <span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">S</span>everal
countries have issued outright bans over the human health concerns and because
of the ongoing Roundup cancer litigation in various parts of the world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Complete countrywide bans already exist in
the six countries in the Gulf Cooperation Council and Belgium. Portugal
prohibits the use of glyphosate in all public spaces and so far Austria
will ban next year (2020), France in 2021 and Germany in 2023. Already in the
UK, 14 boroughs and townships have issued bans or restrictions on pesticides
and herbicides, including glyphosate. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">4.7 A Chinese study
discovered that there is a likely link between Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
and exposure to glyphosate herbicides at work</span><a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[9]</span></b></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></i></span></a><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">A Washington USA study discovered that there is a likely link between
premature </span><strong><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;">mortality
by Parkinson’s disease</span></strong><a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[10]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><strong><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal;">. A</span></strong><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> new South African study has shown that glyphosate and glyphosate-based
herbicides are genotoxic and cytotoxic to human cells at the levels the human
population is currently exposed to. Moderate levels of glyphosate and its
formulations vary in their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a whole blood model
and in human cell lines with different oestrogen receptor status<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[11]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10.15pt; mso-add-space: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">4.8 Multiple new
studies performed by independent scientific institutions in several countrieshavefound
that exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), including Roundup, caused
reproductive and developmental effects in both male and female rats, at a dose
level currently considered safe for humans in the US (1.75 mg/kg bw/day)<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[12]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5. </span></b><b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Glyphosate: effects on wildlife and the environment</span></b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.1 Research has indicted that glyphosate is harmful
to fish, frogs and tadpoles, mice, rats, earthworms, amphibians, birds and
bees. Farm animals and pets are also adversely affected. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.2 It was found that glyphosates also lead to the
elimination of specific plant growth essential for butterflies and insects. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.3 Studies on rivers found that glyphosate leads to an
increase in algal bloom<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[13]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. It damages the fertility
of soil and the demise of earthworms further affects soil quality. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.4 Glyphosate has been also found in wind-blown
material which adds to the negative impact on the ecosystem. It has led to the
formation of glyphosate-resistant super weeds. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.5<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Studies
from 2004 and 2009 found that</span> glyphosate causes endocrine disruption,
birth defects, tumours, liver damage and kidney damage in mice and rats when
used below the acceptable daily levels<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[14]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>,<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[15]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.6 It was found that glyphosate causes deformities in
tadpoles<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[16]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>
and is toxic to frogs, fish and water fleas<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[17]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>,<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[18]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>.<span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> Studies</span> have shown it is
harmful to a wide range of animals, including fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds
and earthworms<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[19]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.7 Motta et al
(2017)found that microbiota in honey bees can be altered by exposure to glyphosate
which affects their health and life expectancy<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref20" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn20;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[20]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.8 Aparico, Aimar et
al (2016) found glyphosate</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> in wind-blown
material which has a negative effect on the ecosystem as well as human health<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref21" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn21;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[21]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.9 <span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">T</span>oxins
from glyphosates have been found in Danish dairy cows<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref22" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn22;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[22]</span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;"> a</span>nd the National Pesticide
Information (NPI) in the USA found dogs eating grass sprayed with glyphosate
experienced vomiting, diarrhoea, weight loss and drooling, and 15% of dogs
developed serious symptoms<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref23" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn23;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[23]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Plant pathologist, Dr Don Huber, found the
fertility of the soil to be badly affected<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref24" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn24;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[24]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5.10 Another study by Dr Robert Kremer found
glyphosate-resistant super weeds<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref25" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn25;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[25]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, and </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Pesticide
Action Network Asia and the Pacific</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> found </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">fourteen
weeds in 14 countries that have developed resistance to glyphosate<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref26" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn26;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[26]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6 Recent legal developments<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.1 In July 2018, a historic trial began in San
Francisco, where DeWayne Johnson, a former groundskeeper for a school in
Benicia and staff responsible for applying Roundup, brought a case against
Monsanto. Johnson provided evidence that he had lesions and rashes on his skin
after being regularly exposed to the chemical. In 2014, at the age of 42, he was
eventually diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.2 The court allowed Johnson to provide scientific
argument on the effects of glyphosate. Johnson’s lawyers highlighted that the World
Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
classified the chemical as “probably carcinogenic” and also provided evidence
on the Monsanto activities aimed at undermining the IARC findings<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref27" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn27;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[27]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, harassing scientists and
preventing reports being published<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref28" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn28;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[28]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,emails to workers to
claim publicly that the product in question is “not carcinogenic”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref29" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn29;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[29]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and deliberate plans to
“ghost-write” favourable research.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.3 After a month-long trial, the jury ruled that
Monsanto was liable for Johnson’s cancer, and found that it had acted with
“malice or oppression” and should have known that its product was “dangerous”. The
court ordered the firm to provide a financial award of $289m for the past and
future economic losses and punitive damages<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref30" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn30;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[30]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
6.4 In March 2019, a claim by Mr Edwin Hardeman became first of its kind in US
federal court and a major blow to Monsanto and its parent company, Bayer.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.5 Edwin Hardeman, a 70-year-old Santa Rosa man,
became the first person to challenge Monsanto’s herbicide in a federal trial, alleging
that his exposure to the glyphosate weedkiller caused him to develop
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), a cancer that affects the immune system<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref31" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn31;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[31]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. After hearing all the
evidence and arguments presented by the plaintiff, Mr Hardeman, and the
defendant, Monsanto, the jury reached the unanimous verdict that Mr Hardeman
proved by a preponderance of evidence that his exposure to Roundup was a
substantial factor in causing his non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref32" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn32;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[32]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. The jury ordered
Monsanto to pay roughly $80 million in damages for failing to warn Edwin
Hardeman of the cancer risks of Roundup herbicide<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref33" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn33;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[33]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
6.6 Hardeman’s case is considered a “bellwether” trial in the federal court
system, which means the verdict could potentially have an impact on the way
future litigation and potential settlements are resolved<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref34" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn34;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[34]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. NPR's Vanessa Romo
reported on the verdict, explaining: "<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
verdict is the second in the U.S. to find a connection between the herbicide's
key ingredient, glyphosate, and the disease. In August, another San Francisco
jury determined Roundup had caused cancer in a former groundskeeper. It also
decided Monsanto, the company that developed the popular weedkiller,
deliberately failed to warn consumers or regulators about the product's risks</i>”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref35" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn35;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[35]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.7 A second Roundup cancer trial in San Francisco’s
Federal Court concluded that Monsanto’s Roundup herbicide was a substantial
factor causing cancer in a Californian man<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref36" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn36;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[36]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. During the trial, it was
revealed that Monsanto, purchased by Bayer last summer, had intentionally
deceived the public, scientific community and the authorities by discrediting
international cancer scientists and promoting counter messages of glyphosate
safety instead. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.8In the US alone, there are now more than 18,400
people who have filed suits against Monsanto alleging that exposure to the
Roundup herbicide caused them or their loved ones to develop non-Hodgkin
lymphoma, and that Monsanto covered up the risks<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref37" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn37;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[37]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.9With the emerging scientific reports and legal
precedents, many countries in Europe introduced partial and total bans against
usage of glyphosate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.10In September 2017, the EU assessment of
glyphosate, and in particular the content of the assessment report submitted to
EFSA by the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) received heavy
criticism from many European press outlets<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref38" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn38;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[38]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.11In October 2017 the European Parliament approved a
non-binding resolution to ban the chemical's use by 2022<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref39" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn39;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[39]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. However, in December
2017, the law-making executive branch of the EU, the Commission, voted to
extend the glyphosate’s license for another five years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.12France, along with Austria, Belgium, Croatia,
Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Luxembourg and Malta voted against the
extension. Germany, on the other hand, supported the extension. However, roughly
one year later the country introduced stricter national regulations for
pesticides. The Czech Republic has also announced it will limit its use<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref40" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn40;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[40]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.13Following the publication of the assessment in
September, four EU lawmakers — Finland's Heidi Hautala, Hungary's BenedekJavor,
France's Michele Rivasi and Belgium's Bart Staes — filed a case against the
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in May 2017.Lawmakers highlighted that
while the European Commission used the findings to classify the chemical as
“safe”, as lawmakers they were denied access to the same studies, based on the
argument that it could harm “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">the
commercial interests of companies that presented the studies</i>”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref41" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn41;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[41]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.14In March 2019, the General Court of the European
Union decided that EFSA’s decisions to refuse access to the toxicity and
carcinogenicity studies on the active substance glyphosate were annulled. The
court said that: “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The public interest in
having access to the information relating to emissions into the environment is
specifically to know not only what is, or foreseeably will be, released into
the environment, but also to understand the way in which the environment could
be affected by the emissions in question</i>”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref42" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn42;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[42]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.15In January 2019, the Guardian revealed that a
cross-party group of members of the European Parliament commissioned an
investigation into claims that Germany’s Federal Institute for Risk Assessment
(BfR) copy-and-pasted tracts from Monsanto studies<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref43" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn43;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[43]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. The study found that EU
regulators based a decision to relicense the controversial weed killer on an
assessment plagiarised from industry reports<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref44" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn44;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[44]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.16Since the Johnson trial in the US, there has been
growing political and legal action in Europe. The German multinational
pharmaceutical company Bayer purchased Monsanto in June 2018. Since then, its
investors have protested the deal<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref45" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn45;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[45]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and company’s shares have
fallen about 40% from $63 billion (to €56 billion)<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref46" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn46;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[46]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In May 2019, a secret
list created by Bayer was exposed. The list, which contained the personal
information of 200 French lawyers and journalists who have been researching and
are critical of Monsanto and its products was brought to light. The French
newspaper <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Le Monde</i> and one of its
journalists complained that they were on the list drawn up since 2016 and
allegedly leaked by US public relations firm FleishmanHillard. The French
police started an investigation on the possible "collection of personal
information by fraudulent, unfair or illicit means”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref47" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn47;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[47]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.17On 12 December 2017, the Commission renewed its approval
of glyphosate for five years<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref48" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn48;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[48]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. The Commission's
implementation act entered into force with Annexes (revision 4), as voted for by
the Appeal Committee. Although the licence was renewed for a further 5 years,
attached Annexes expressed that member states shall pay particular attention
to: “the protection of the groundwater in vulnerable areas, in particular with
respect to non-crop uses;the protection of operators and amateur users;the risk
to terrestrial vertebrates and non-target terrestrial plants; the risk to
diversity and abundance of non-target terrestrial arthropods and vertebrates
via trophic interactions; compliance of pre-harvest uses with good agricultural
practices. Conditions of use shall include risk mitigation measures, where
appropriate”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref49" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn49;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[49]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">6.18 In addition to the countries analysed below, Italy<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref50" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn50;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[50]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, Belgium,<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref51" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn51;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[51]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> the Czech Republic<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref52" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn52;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[52]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and the Netherlands<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref53" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn53;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[53]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> have also introduced
certain bans and restrictions on the use of glyphosate. In January 2019, French
authorities banned the sale of Roundup Pro 360 and restrictions on its use are
also in force in the Czech Republic, Italy and the Netherlands<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref54" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn54;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[54]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In July 2019, the
Maltese government announced that it will implement a ban on products
containing glyphosate from public spaces and its use will not be allowed at
roundabouts, central strips, near schools or hospitals and a list of other
public areas<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref55" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn55;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[55]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Country Profile: </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Austria<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">On 2<sup>nd</sup> July 2019, Austria became the first
European country to ban all uses of glyphosate. Voting took place in Austria’s
lower house of parliament.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The bill was introduced by the Social Democratic Party
(SPÖ), which sought a total ban on glyphosate. They received some criticism
from the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), who said that it was in favour of a ban
on the use of plant protection products containing glyphosate in public parks,
cemeteries, sports and leisure facilities, swimming pools, on school grounds
and children's playgrounds, in the immediate vicinity of health facilities and
in private home and gardens. However, they raised concerns over such a ban’s
effect on farmers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Parliament voted in favour of banning glyphosate. Pamela
Rendi-Wagner, chairwoman of the SPÖ, who is a member of the Committee on Health
and former Minister of Health and Women, said that “the scientific evidence of
the plant poison's carcinogenic effect is increasing. It is our responsibility
to ban this poison from our environment”. In response to the ÖVP, she said: “the
health of the people, the protection of our children, must always have
priority”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref56" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn56;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[56]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">On 11<sup>th</sup> July 2019, the SPÖ and other
proponents of the general ban gained a majority in Federal Council and confirmed
the general ban on glyphosate<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref57" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn57;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[57]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. The ban will take effect
on 1<sup>st</sup>January 2020<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref58" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn58;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[58]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--></span><b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Country Profile: </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Germany</span></b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 2015, following the World Health Organization’s
(WHO) cancer research, Germany’s state ministers published a common resolution which
called for “the supply to and use (of glyphosate) by private persons to be
banned for precautionary reasons”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref59" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn59;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[59]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Following a petition and protest<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref60" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn60;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[60]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, Christian Meyer, Lower
Saxony’s Minister of Food, Agriculture, Consumer Protection and State
Development Minister and chairman of the Consumer Protection Minister
Conference, said that glyphosate “should not be found in gardens, parks or on
children’s playgrounds” and expressed his concerns that it should not be used
in private gardens either<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref61" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn61;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[61]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Last year, the German Environment Ministry announced a
series of new regulations on use of herbicides and pesticides. Among these
regulations, the toughest policy was on glyphosate and similar products for which
a “staged exit from the use” was defined as the objective<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref62" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn62;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[62]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">The Agriculture Ministry, which previously recommended
a ban on using glyphosate in private gardens and parks, announced its plans to
further limit where glyphosate could be used, including ecologically sensitive
areas and water protection zones with a general rule that the product cannot be
used within 20 metres of water<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref63" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn63;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[63]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Svenja Schulze, the Environment Minister, stated that
the ministry will also change the approval process for pesticides and
herbicides that impact the environment. From 2020, those farmers who want to
use glyphosate and similar herbicides will be required to set aside 10% of
their farmland to protect biological diversity<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref64" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn64;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[64]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In September 2019, following the Austrian ban, the
German government agreed to ban the use of glyphosate<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref65" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn65;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[65]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. On 4<sup>th</sup>
September, the German cabinet agreed to ban the use of glyphosate after a
phased effort to reduce its usage by farmers. As a part of an “insect
conservation programme”, Schulze announced that a systematic reduction strategy
will be implemented and it will initially prohibit the application of glyphosate
in domestic gardens, allotments and on the edge of agricultural land.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Considering the fact that among the major chemical
groups producing Roundup and glyphosate- based herbicides, two of the major
ones are located in Germany<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref66" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn66;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[66]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, it is likely that
current legal and political development in the Germany as a main
glyphosate-based herbicide and Roundup producing county will have an effect in
other consuming states<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref67" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn67;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[67]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" />
<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Country Profile: </span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">France<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">France voted against extending the European license in
2017, and following the extension of the license, President Emmanuel Macron
announced that the French government will ban glyphosate within three years<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref68" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn68;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[68]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In May 2018, the French government promised
that glyphosate will be banned “for its main uses” by 2021, and “for all of its
uses” within five years<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref69" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn69;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[69]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In January 2019, a court hearing took place in Lyon,
southeast France, where an administrative tribunal ruled that the French food
and environmental safety agency (ANSES) should have given “more weight to
potential safety risks when authorising the use of Roundup Pro 360 in March
2017”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref70" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn70;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[70]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Corinne Lepage, a lawyer for the CRIIGEN genetics
research institute, defined the ruling a "major hit” which has the potential to
be extended to all versions of Roundup on the grounds that the court described all
products containing glyphosates“probably carcinogens”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref71" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn71;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[71]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Following the ruling that regulators failed to take
safety concerns into account when clearing the widely used herbicide, the ANSES
officially forbade the sale of Roundup<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref72" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[72]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. A law banning the use of
synthetic pesticides in public parks and spaces was enacted and brought into
force<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref73" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn73;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[73]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In January 2019, home
gardeners countrywide have also been banned from using synthetic pesticides<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref74" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn74;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[74]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Regarding a total ban, the French government came under
increased pressure from members of the agricultural sector, which is the
European Union’s largest grain producer. In an attempt to placate farmers, the
French Agriculture Minister Didier Guillaume expressed that, by January 2021,
there will be more and more sectors that have come out of glyphosate, signalling
that French law will be more flexible on agricultural usage of glyphosate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Last May, Daniel Cueff, mayor of Langouët in Brittany,
declared that he imposed a ban on pesticide use within 150 metres of the
district’s homes and workplaces. Mr Cueff stated that under the 2009 European
Union directive on pesticides<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref75" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn75;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[75]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>, as a member state,
France needs to take steps to protect residents from pesticides and there had
been incompetence by the state<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref76" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn76;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[76]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. Following Mr Cueff, some
20 French mayors enforced a full glyphosate ban from their municipalities last
month — in defiance of their national government<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref77" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn77;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[77]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>,<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref78" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn78;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[78]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Following the WHO report which boosted the
anti-chemical movement in the countryside, Paris and four other French cities,
including Lille in the north, Nantes in the west, Grenoble in the south-east
and the central city of Clermont-Ferrand took action and implemented the ban,
citing the need to safeguard biodiversity and public health<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref79" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn79;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[79]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. Although Mr Cueff’s
appeal is ongoing, by the beginning of September, some 40 local decision-makers
had imposed similar pesticide buffer-zones in towns and villages across France
noting “we only have one single objective: to protect the interest of our
inhabitants”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref80" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn80;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[80]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">7A</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">lternatives to glyphosates<span style="color: #0070c0;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">7.1 WeedingtechFoamstream</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">7.1.1Foamstream
uses hot, biodegradable foam which is herbicide-free. It controls weeds by
using the heat in hot water, insulated by a biodegradable foam blanket. The
foam stops the heat escaping to the atmosphere, keeping the heat on the plant
for longer and therefore killing the weeds.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">7.1.2 Foamstream
usually requires the same treatment cycles per season as glyphosates but less
than many other herbicide-free alternatives. When treating moss and algae,
Foamstream requires only one treatment per year. Due to the system’s high heat
retention, Foamstream is also suitable for outdoor cleaning tasks, including
chewing gum removal, power washing and general sanitisation jobs.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">7.1.3 Glastonbury
Town Council, Somerset, home to over 10,000 residents, became the first council
in the UK to ban herbicide use in its Borough. It trialled Foamstream in 2015
and adopted it in 2016. Glastonbury found it 900 times cheaper than manual
weeding and also found that Foamstream can be used in all weathers.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 15pt 18pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn"; mso-themecolor: text1;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.2<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">Park Management Techniques<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7.2.1 Glyphosate use in parks can be reduced
and eliminated by effective park management techniques. The Level Park, in the
centre of Brighton, is completely herbicide free. Flower beds are planted to
full capacity, leaving less space for weeds to grow. Good soil management
results in healthier plants that are more resilient to pests and diseases. No
peat-based materials are used (organic material only) such as autumn leaves,
grass trimmings, spent coffee grounds, wood ash and tea leaves.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7.2.2 Over 95% of their green waste is
recycled on site. Designated areas of the park are simply left to grow,
increasing biodiversity. Also, by having their own seed bank and propagating
50-60% of their plants, they ensure that the plants are hardier.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 15pt 18pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.3<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">White Vinegar and
Salt<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7.3.1 Although not as effective as Foamstream,
this mixture can be used on small areas as a cheap alternative. A combination
of one cup of salt to one gallon of vinegar have been found an alternative
solution to prevent anything growing on that spot for some time. Otherwise use of
vinegar, found to kill weeds in two to three days.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div style="margin: 0cm 0cm 15pt 18pt; mso-list: l5 level2 lfo12; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn"; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: "HelveticaNeue LT 57 Cn";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.4<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Letting the Weeds
Grow<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">7.4.1 Across the UK, some councils are letting
wild flowers grow on roadside verges in order to promote biodiversity. For
example, Rotherham Council have planted eight miles of wildflower verges, which
has saved the Council approximately £23,000 in mowing costs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This followed a campaign by the group
Plantlife. Nottinghamshire Council have piloted a similar scheme.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn";"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8 Responsibilities of Colchester Borough Council<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.1While the laws detailing Council responsibilities
are spread out over multiple acts of parliament, necessitating the 2011
Government Review of Statutory Duties on Local Government, it is enshrined in
law that all councils at all levels have a duty of care and responsibility to
protect their residents<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref81" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn81;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[81]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. This is a
long-established and proud tradition of the UK and is noted by CBC in its
frameworks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.2 CBC notes in its Strategic Plan 2018-2021 that
they will “promote and improve Colchester and its environment”, and the
residents’ pride in “the borough’s open spaces”. Therefore, the use of
glyphosates should be a concern for the Council<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref82" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn82;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[82]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In the same manner that
CBC is seeking to improve and reduce air pollution, so too should it make
residents aware of the risks and dangers, and investigate alternatives.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.3 Although the EU has not yet banned the use of
glyphosates, the World Health Organisation 2015 finding that they are “probably
carcinogenic to humans” is of concern and grounds for the cessation of use. A
University of Washington 2019 study found that glyphosate increased the
likelihood of non-Hodgkin lymphoma by 41%<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref83" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn83;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[83]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.4 The European Sustainable Use Directive<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref84" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn84;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[84]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> is applicable in this
instance, urging that “member states must pay particular attention to risks in
places such as public parks and gardens, sports and recreation grounds, and in
the close vicinity of healthcare facilities”, where “risks from exposure to
pesticides are high in these areas and pesticide use should be minimised or
prohibited”. For that reason, it is fundamentally necessary that residents, as
well as sprayers and users of these spaces, have the right to be informed and
be aware of the risks of being close proximity to sprayed glyphosates. Signage
should be deployed to inform the public.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.5 Essex County Council (ECC) has stated that they
will not cease using glyphosates unless “the product should fail to achieve a
license [in 2022 or before]... acting in line with the law and
appropriate/relevant guidance”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref85" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn85;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[85]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. In a recent
investigation, it was found that ECC deployed over 5,000 litres of the
herbicide in 2018-2019.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.6 Therefore CBC has a responsibility to lead the
charge in protecting one of the fastest-growing towns in the UK by
demonstrating a real commitment to leadership on this matter. As the statutory
party responsible for overseeing the environmental health as well as human
health, it is crucial that CBC protect its residents and young people.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.7 The Health and Safety Executive advocates councils
to focus on “the significant risks - those with potential to cause real harm
and suffering - and avoid wasting resources on insignificant risks”<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref86" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn86;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[86]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>. Given the growing body
of evidence, as well as increasing litigation against using glyphosates, it is
recommended that CBC should pursue the precautionary principle and seek to use
other methods which have no negative impact on humans. By joining the impressive
list of countries<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref87" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn87;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[87]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> and councils banning
glyphosates, such as Austria, Malawi, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Oman, Saudi Arabia,
Bermuda, Belgium, Denmark, France, and local authorities<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref88" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn88;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[88]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a> such as Glastonbury, and Hammersmith,
Colchester can add its name to a progressive, sustainable and forward-thinking
leadership. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">8.8By ceasing use of glyphosates, CBC collectively work
towards achieving its corporate priority “to be the cleanest and greenest
borough in the country” expressed at its "Scheme of Delegation to Cabinet Members<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftnref89" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn89;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[89]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">9 Glyphosate Working Group Recommendations
</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">9.1 Following the recent scientific and legal
developments, it is clear that glyphosate and Roundup can have a direct and
lasting negative impact on the environment, workers and contractors who are
responsible for spraying the toxic herbicide, as well as residents and
bystanders. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">9.2 Therefore, as the local executive that is
responsible and accountable to its residents, CBC should prepare and implement
a glyphosate ban to prohibit the usage of Roundup and glyphosate-based
herbicides, and lead the national movement towards a greener and healthier
society and environment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">9.3 </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Short-term actions that can be taken
immediately by Colchester Borough Council:<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #1f497d; mso-themecolor: text2;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Declare the locations that have been treated with Roundup or
glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop its use in public places, including in children’s play areas
and parks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop glyphosate use in areas which are in close proximity to
residential properties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Stop all use in areas which are close to rivers, reservoirs and
places with significant wildlife.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Put up necessary warnings in areas that have already been treated.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo7; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Warn and urge local schools and hospitals to immediately stop
using glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">9.4 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Long-term actions that can be taken
by Colchester Borough Council can be identified as:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Inform residents about the risk and effects of Roundup and
glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Urge local supermarkets to put up warnings on Roundup and
glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Hold public meetings and inform farmers - as well as residents
living close to agricultural land who face the greatest risk of exposure - on
the serious harm, risks and effects of continuous use and exposure to Roundup
and glyphosate-based herbicides.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Work with other regional councils and councillors to introduce a
county-wide ban and seek healthier alternatives. This measure would contribute
to public health by removing five tonnes of glyphosate-based toxic chemical
products from the streets of Essex, and prevent wasting approximately £42k of
public money on this product.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: 292.5pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;">Implement appropriate tests and cleaning operations to areas and
soil that has been treated with Roundup and glyphosate-based herbicides by the
Council, ensuring workers and contractors carrying out fully informed and
safely equipped. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 292.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 292.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 292.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 8pt 54.85pt; mso-add-space: auto; tab-stops: 292.5pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">This report has been produced by the Glyphosate Working Group (GWP),
formed by the Colchester and District Green Party. The views in this document
reflect those of the GWP, and should not necessarily be taken to reflect the
official opinion of Colchester and District Green Party. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Prepared by: Clare Burgess,
John Burgess, Kemal Çufoğlu, Mark Goacher and Steph Nissen<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">with editing and design
Deborah Talbot, Clare Smee and Blake Roberts.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Report ends <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">Printed by Blake Roberts. Promoted </span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">by
Robbie Spence on behalf of all at Colchester & District Green Party; all at
124 Morant Road, Colchester, CO1 2JD </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="mso-element: footnote-list;">
<!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><br />
<hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" />
<!--[endif]-->
<br />
<div id="ftn1" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn1" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[1]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> The Ecologist,
GM-Free Cymru Special Report, “Monsanto and EPA knew of glyphosate cancer link
in 1981” (7 July 2015). Research by GM-Free Cymru shows that studies carried
out for Monsanto and submitted to the US's Environmental Protection Agency in
1981 provided ample evidence that glyphosate caused cancer and other health
problems. But the key documents were classed as 'trade secrets' and never
published. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://theecologist.org/2015/jul/07/monsanto-and-epa-knew-glyphosate-cancer-link-1981"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://theecologist.org/2015/jul/07/monsanto-and-epa-knew-glyphosate-cancer-link-1981</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn2" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn2" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[2]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">European
Commission, Plants: Pesticide, “Glyphosate: Current status of glyphosate in the
EU”. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/glyphosate_e.n"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/glyphosate_e.n</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn3" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn3" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[3]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">WhatDoTheyKnow,
CBC Glyphosate use, available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/cbc_glyphosate_use"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/cbc_glyphosate_use</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. Response by
Colchester Borough Council to Christopher Lee on 14 September 2017.
WhatDoTheyKnow is built by <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">mySociety</i>,
which is a project of UK Citizens Online Democracy, a registered charity in
England and Wales. For full details visit mysociety.org.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn4" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn4" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[4]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.,
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/cbc_glyphosate_use#incoming-1037763"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.whatdotheyknow.com/request/cbc_glyphosate_use#incoming-1037763</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn5" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn5" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[5]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">It was noted
that the Essex County Council uses Glyphosate on streets and gutters in all of
Essex and have said that they have no plans to change this due to its
effectiveness.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn6" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn6" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[6]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> gov.uk, FOI
release: Usage and cost of glyphosate – EIR, published on 28 September 2015,
available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/usage-and-cost-of-glyphosate-eir"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/usage-and-cost-of-glyphosate-eir</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. A response to a
request made under the Environmental Information Regulations Act (EIR) for
information about the usage and cost of glyphosate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn7" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn7" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[7]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> The Developer,
“Exclusive: 98% of councils use weedkiller linked to cancer in public spaces”,
Christine Murray, (Updated on 17 September 2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://thedeveloper.live/places/places/exclusive-98-of-councils-use-weedkiller-linked-to-cancer-in-public-spaces"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://thedeveloper.live/places/places/exclusive-98-of-councils-use-weedkiller-linked-to-cancer-in-public-spaces</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn8" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn8" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[8]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> CBC, Policy and
Public Initiatives Panel (19 September 2018),<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">available </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://colchester.cmis.uk.com/colchester/Document.ashx?czJKcaeAi5tUFL1DTL2UE4zNRBcoShgo=S4uaQo5ukB%2FyzzPAL6gOjLAX%2FnqAWfo48Fl4kPcYV3aQxBfc9pV6bg%3D%3D&rUzwRPf%2BZ3zd4E7Ikn8Lyw%3D%3D=pwRE6AGJFLDNlh225F5QMaQWCtPHwdhUfCZ%2FLUQzgA2uL5jNRG4jdQ%3D%3D&mCTIbCubSFfXsDGW9IXnlg%3D%3D=hFflUdN3100%3D&kCx1AnS9%2FpWZQ40DXFvdEw%3D%3D=hFflUdN3100%3D&uJovDxwdjMPoYv%2BAJvYtyA%3D%3D=ctNJFf55vVA%3D&FgPlIEJYlotS%2BYGoBi5olA%3D%3D=NHdURQburHA%3D&d9Qjj0ag1Pd993jsyOJqFvmyB7X0CSQK=ctNJFf55vVA%3D&WGewmoAfeNR9xqBux0r1Q8Za60lavYmz=ctNJFf55vVA%3D&WGewmoAfeNQ16B2MHuCpMRKZMwaG1PaO=ctNJFf55vVA%3D&fbclid=IwAR3eSOp9w6eCuIxNRaykL6SvQnibzCuuI1thRoIDlQwoYy4zBKXPut6FT-Q."><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">here</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn9" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn9" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[9]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Pan,Liping&
Xu, Ming &Yang,Dandan&Wang, Boshen&Zhao,Qiuni&Ding,En-Min
&Zhu, Baoli, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The association between
coronary artery disease and glyphosate exposure found in pesticide factory
workers</i>, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
(January 2017). Full study is available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://jphe.amegroups.com/article/view/3665/4415"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">http://jphe.amegroups.com/article/view/3665/4415</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn10" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn10" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[10]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Caballero,
Mariah, SolmazAmiri, Justin T. Denney, Pablo Monsivais, Hystad,
Perry,Amram,Ofer,Estimated Residential Exposure to Agricultural Chemicals and
Premature Mortality by Parkinson’s Disease in Washington State, International
Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2018, 15(12), 2885. Full
study is available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2885/htm"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2885/htm</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn11" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn11" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[11]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>De Almeida,L. K. S. ,Pletschke,B. I.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Frost,C. L. ,Moderate levels of glyphosate
and its formulations vary in their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in a whole
blood model and in human cell lines with different estrogen receptor status,
(04.10.2018). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13205-018-1464-z"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13205-018-1464-z</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn12" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn12" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[12]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Fabiana Manservisit, Corina Lesseur†, Simona
Panzacchi, Daniele Mandrioli, Laura Falcioni, Luciano Bua,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>De, Marcella Spinac, Giovanna Galeati, Marco
Manservigi, Marcella Spinaci, Giovanna Galeati, Alberto Mantovani,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Stefano Lorenzetti, RossellaMiglio, Anderson
Martino Andrade, David MøbjergKristensen, Melissa J. Perry,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Shanna H. Swan, Jia Chen and Fiorella
Belpoggi, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The Ramazzini Institute 13-week
pilot study glyphosate-based herbicides administered at human-equivalent dose
to Sprague Dawley rats: effects on development and endocrine system</i>,
Environmental Health volume 18, Article number: 15 (2019).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Full
study available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-019-0453-y"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-019-0453-y</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn13" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[13]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Marie</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "cambria math" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">‐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Pier, Hébert<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>VincentFugère<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Andrew Gonzalez,
(2018), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The overlooked impact of rising
glyphosate use on phosphorus loading in agricultural watersheds</i>, the
Ecological Society of America.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn14" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[14]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Benedetti AL, VituriCde L, Trentin AG, Domingues MA, Alvarez-Silva M, (2004), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The effects of sub-chronic exposure of
Wistar rats to the herbicide Glyphosate-Biocarb</i>, Toxicol Lett.:
2;153(2):227-32.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn15" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn15;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[15]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Prasad S1, Srivastava S, Singh M, Shukla Y., (2009) <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Clastogenic effects of glyphosate in bone marrow cells of swiss albino
mice</i>, Toxicol. 2009;:308985 doi: 10.1155/2009/308985. Epub 15.12.2008. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn16" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn16" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn16;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[16]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Relyea, Rick A, (2012), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">New effects of
Roundup on amphibians: Predators reduce herbicide mortality; herbicides induce
antipredator morphology</i>, esa Volume22, Issue: March 2012, Pages 634-647.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn17" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn17" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn17;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[17]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Sandrini
JZ1, Rola RC, Lopes FM, Buffon HF, Freitas MM, Martins Cde M, da Rosa CE,
(2013),<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Effects of glyphosate on cholinesterase activity of the mussel
Pernaperna and the fish Danio rerio and Jenynsiamultidentata: in vitro studies</i>,
AquatToxicol ;130-131:171-3. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.01.006. Epub
18.01.2013.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn18" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn18" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn18;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[18]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Connolly, A., Jones, K., Galea, K. S.,
Basinas, I., Kenny, L., McGowan, P., et al. (2017), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Exposure assessment using human biomonitoring for glyphosate and
fluroxypyr users in amenity horticulture</i>, Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 220,
1064–1073. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.06.008</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn19" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn19" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn19;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[19]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Gill,
Jatinder &Sethi, Nidhi & Mohan, Dr&Datta, Shivika&Girdhar,
Madhuri. (2017),<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate toxicity for animals</i>, Environmental Chemistry Letters.
10.1007/s10311-017-0689-0.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn20" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn20" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn20;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[20]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Motta, Erick &Raymann, Kasie & Moran, Nancy, (2018), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate perturbs the gut microbiota of
honey bees</i>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 115.
201803880. 10.1073/pnas.1803880115.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn21" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn21" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn21;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[21]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Aparicio, Virginia &Aimar, Silvia & De Gerónimo, Eduardo & Mendez,
Mariano & Costa, José. (2018). <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate
and AMPA concentrations in wind-blown material under field conditions</i>, Land
Degradation & Development. 10.1002/ldr.2920.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn22" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn22" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn22;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[22]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Krueger, Monika &Schrödl, Wieland & Neuhaus, Jürgen &Shehata,Awad,
(2013),<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Field Investigations of Glyphosate
in Urine of Danish Dairy Cows</i>, J Environ Anal Toxicol. Volume 3. 1-7.
10.4172/2161-0525.1000186;</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn23" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn23" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn23;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[23]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Pesticide Action Network Asia and the Pacific, Dr. Meriel Watts, Glyphosate,
(Nov., 2009).</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn24" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn24" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn24;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[24]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> There
are a number of ways in which glyphosate increases disease severity in plants:
by increasing populations of pathogens in the soil, by immobilising specific
plant nutrients involved in disease resistance, by reducing vigour and growth
of plants as a result of the accumulation of glyphosate in the plant, by
altering physiological efficiency, and by modification of the soil microflora
in ways that affect the availability of nutrients important to plants’ disease
resistance. G.S. Johal </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">, D.M.
Huber, </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">(2009),<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate
effects on diseases of plants, </i>Europ. J. Agronomy 31 144–152; Johal, G.S.
& Huber, D.M. (2009),<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate
effects on diseases of plant</i>, European Journal of Agronomy. 31. 144-152.
10.1016/j.eja.2009.04.004.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn25" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn25" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn25;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[25]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Kremer, Robert J & Means, Nathan E, (2009), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Glyphosate and glyphosate-resistant crop interactions with rhizosphere
microorganisms</i>, Europ. J. Agronomy 31 (2009) 144–152. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn26" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn26" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn26;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[26]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">
Pesticide Action Network Asia and the Pacific, Dr. Meriel Watts, Glyphosate,
(Nov., 2009).</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn27" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn27" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn27;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[27]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">US Right to
Know,Carey Gillam, “How Monsanto Manufactured ‘Outrage’ at IARC over Cancer
Classification”, (19.09.2017). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://usrtk.org/pesticides/how-monsanto-manufactured-outrage-at-iarc-over-cancer-classification/"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://usrtk.org/pesticides/how-monsanto-manufactured-outrage-at-iarc-over-cancer-classification/</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn28" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn28" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn28;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[28]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Plaintiff’s
lawyer cited Monsanto emails from decades prior, in which the company was
working with a genotoxicity expert who reviewed a series of 1990s studies. He
raised concerns about Roundup impacts on humans and suggested further areas of
research. After the expert’s analyses, Monsanto representatives began
considering finding a different expert and also started working on a press
statement saying the product carried no risk. Full judgment is available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Judges-order-in-Johnson-Case-ahead-of-trial.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Judges-order-in-Johnson-Case-ahead-of-trial.pdf</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn29" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn29" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn29;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[29]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Original copy of
the correspondence available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://baumhedlundlaw.com/pdf/monsanto-documents/27-Internal-Monsanto-Email-You-Cannot-Say-That-Roundup-is-not-a-Carcinogen.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">http://baumhedlundlaw.com/pdf/monsanto-documents/27-Internal-Monsanto-Email-You-Cannot-Say-That-Roundup-is-not-a-Carcinogen.pdf</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn30" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn30" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn30;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[30]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Guardian, Sam
Levin, Patrick Greenfield, “Monsanto ordered to pay $289m as jury rules
weedkiller caused man's cancer”, (11.08.2018).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/aug/10/monsanto-trial-cancer-dewayne-johnson-ruling"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/aug/10/monsanto-trial-cancer-dewayne-johnson-ruling</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn31" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn31" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn31;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[31]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Guardian, Sam
Levin, Monsanto found liable for California man's cancer and ordered to pay
$80m in damages, (27.03.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/27/monsanto-trial-verdict-cancer-jury"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/mar/27/monsanto-trial-verdict-cancer-jury</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn32" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn32" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn32;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[32]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf-manager/2019/03/Hardeman-Jury-Verdict-Phase-1.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://usrtk.org/wp-content/uploads/bsk-pdf-manager/2019/03/Hardeman-Jury-Verdict-Phase-1.pdf</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn33" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn33" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn33;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[33]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn34" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn34" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn34;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[34]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid. 18.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn35" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn35" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn35;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[35]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> NPR, Richard
Gonzales, “Jury Awards $80 Million In Damages In Roundup Weed Killer Cancer
Trial”, (27.03.2019). </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.npr.org/2019/03/27/707439575/jury-awards-80-million-in-damages-in-roundup-weed-killer-cancer-trial?t=1570367697865"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.npr.org/2019/03/27/707439575/jury-awards-80-million-in-damages-in-roundup-weed-killer-cancer-trial?t=1570367697865</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn36" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn36" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn36;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[36]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">PAN Europe,
New developments on Glyphosate,(06/18/2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.pan-europe.info/blog/new-developments-glyphosate"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.pan-europe.info/blog/new-developments-glyphosate</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn37" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn37" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn37;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[37]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> US Right to
Know, “Roundup (Glyphosate) Cancer Cases: Key Documents & Analysis”,
(23.09.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://usrtk.org/monsanto-papers/"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://usrtk.org/monsanto-papers/</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn38" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn38" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn38;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[38]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> European Food
Safety Authority, Glyphosate, available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/glyphosate"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/glyphosate</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn39" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn39" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn39;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[39]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW, Germany
set to ban glyphosate from end of 2023, (04.09.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn40" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn40" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn40;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[40]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn41" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn41" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn41;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[41]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW,
“Glyphosate: EU agency must release censored study, court says”, (07.03.2019),
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/glyphosate-eu-agency-must-release-censored-study-court-says/a-47804040"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/glyphosate-eu-agency-must-release-censored-study-court-says/a-47804040</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn42" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn42" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn42;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[42]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> T-716/14 <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Anthony C. Tweedale v European Food Safety
Agency</i> (EFSA) and T-329/17 <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hautala
and Others v EFSA</i>, General Court of the European Union PRESS RELEASE No
25/19 Luxembourg, (07.03. 2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/application/pdf/2019-03/cp190025en.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/application/pdf/2019-03/cp190025en.pdf</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn43" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn43" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn43;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[43]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> The </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Guardian,
Arthur Neslen, “EU glyphosate approval was based on plagiarised Monsanto text,
report finds”, (15.01.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jan/15/eu-glyphosate-approval-was-based-on-plagiarised-monsanto-text-report-finds"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jan/15/eu-glyphosate-approval-was-based-on-plagiarised-monsanto-text-report-finds</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn44" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn44" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn44;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[44]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Stefan Weber,
Helmut Burtscher-Schaden, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Detailed Expert
Report on Plagiarism and superordinated Copy Paste in the Renewal Assessment
Report (RAR) on Glyphosate</i>, (2019). Full report available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.greens-efa.eu/files/doc/docs/298ff6ed5d6a686ec799e641082cdb63.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.greens-efa.eu/files/doc/docs/298ff6ed5d6a686ec799e641082cdb63.pdf</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn45" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn45" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn45;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[45]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW, Andreas
Becker, “Bayer investors angry over plummeting share price”, (26.04.2019).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/bayer-investors-angry-over-plummeting-share-price/a-48495269"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/bayer-investors-angry-over-plummeting-share-price/a-48495269</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn46" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn46" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn46;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[46]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW, “Bayer
apologizes over secret list of Monsanto critics”, (12.05.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/bayer-apologizes-over-secret-list-of-monsanto-critics/a-48702015"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/bayer-apologizes-over-secret-list-of-monsanto-critics/a-48702015</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn47" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn47" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn47;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[47]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn48" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn48" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn48;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[48]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">European
Commission, Plants: Pesticide, “Glyphosate: Current status of glyphosate in the
EU”. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/glyphosate_e.n"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/glyphosate_e.n</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn49" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn49" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn49;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[49]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">European
Commission ANNEXES to the COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION (EU) on renewing
the approval of the active substance glyphosate in accordance with Regulation
(EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the
placing of plant protection products on the market, and amending the Annex to
Implementing Regulation (EU) No 540/2011. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_glyphosate_commission_proposal_annex_final_version.pdf"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/plant/docs/pesticides_glyphosate_commission_proposal_annex_final_version.pdf</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn50" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn50" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn50;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[50]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Politico, Arthur
Neslen, Maxime Schelle, Judith Mischke, “Austria reignites Europe’s weedkiller
war”, (15.06.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.politico.eu/article/austria-europe-glyphosate-war/"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.politico.eu/article/austria-europe-glyphosate-war/</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn51" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn51" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn51;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[51]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn52" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn52" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn52;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[52]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Japan Times,
“Herbicide glyphosate under fire worldwide, gets banned by Austria”,
(03.06.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/07/03/business/herbicide-glyphosate-fire-worldwide-gets-banned-austria/#.XZk1_kZKjIV"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/07/03/business/herbicide-glyphosate-fire-worldwide-gets-banned-austria/#.XZk1_kZKjIV</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn53" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn53" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn53;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[53]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn54" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn54" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn54;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[54]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn55" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn55" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn55;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[55]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Times of
Malta, “Weed killer glyphosate to be banned in public areas”, (08.07.2019).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/weed-killer-glyphosate-to-be-banned-in-public-areas.720157.amp?fbclid=IwAR2re67xo5DaDWBGp0CxK_2QEo94GH-k1D3QLsFdo8ZF8yjo8n8I1YFl1Wc"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/weed-killer-glyphosate-to-be-banned-in-public-areas.720157.amp?fbclid=IwAR2re67xo5DaDWBGp0CxK_2QEo94GH-k1D3QLsFdo8ZF8yjo8n8I1YFl1Wc</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn56" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn56" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn56;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[56]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="DE" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">APA OTS, “Rendi-Wagner/Leichtfried: SPÖ setztTotalverbot von
Glyphosatdurch”, (02.07.2019).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20190702_OTS0093/rendi-wagnerleichtfried-spoe-setzt-totalverbot-von-glyphosat-durch"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20190702_OTS0093/rendi-wagnerleichtfried-spoe-setzt-totalverbot-von-glyphosat-durch</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn57" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn57" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn57;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[57]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Republic of
Austria Parliament, Parliament Correspondence No 808, “Federal Council confirms
general ban on glyphosate”, (11.07.2010). Available at</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/PR/JAHR_2019/PK0808/#XXVI_A_00018"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.parlament.gv.at/PAKT/PR/JAHR_2019/PK0808/#XXVI_A_00018</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn58" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn58" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn58;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[58]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Baum Hedlund
AristeGoldman,“Where is Glyphosate Banned?”, (September 2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.baumhedlundlaw.com/toxic-tort-law/monsanto-roundup-lawsuit/where-is-glyphosate-banned/"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.baumhedlundlaw.com/toxic-tort-law/monsanto-roundup-lawsuit/where-is-glyphosate-banned/</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn59" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn59" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn59;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[59]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Euroactive,
German states call for ban on household pesticide, Dario Sarmadim (12.05.2015).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.euractiv.com/section/science-policymaking/news/german-states-call-for-ban-on-household-pesticide/"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.euractiv.com/section/science-policymaking/news/german-states-call-for-ban-on-household-pesticide/</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn60" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn60" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn60;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[60]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Following a
protest organized by around 80 environmentalist group, protestors provided a
petition with 200,000 signatures calling for an immediate ban on commercial and
private use to the ministry. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn61" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn61" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn61;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[61]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn62" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn62" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn62;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[62]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW, “Germany
sets new restrictions on glyphosate”, (06.11.2018).Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-sets-new-restrictions-on-glyphosate/a-46172338"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/germany-sets-new-restrictions-on-glyphosate/a-46172338</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn63" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn63" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn63;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[63]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn64" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn64" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn64;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[64]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn65" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn65" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn65;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[65]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">DW, “Germany
set to ban glyphosate from end of 2023”, (04.09.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn66" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn66" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn66;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[66]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> The BASF and
chemical giant Bayer, which acquired Monsanto last year in a mammoth
$62.5-billion (€54-billion) deal.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn67" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn67" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn67;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[67]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn68" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn68" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn68;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[68]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Reuters UK,
“France suggests glyphosate exit could be even slower than planned”,
(15.02.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-france-agriculture-glyphosate/france-suggests-glyphosate-exit-could-be-even-slower-than-planned-idUKKCN1Q41S0"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-france-agriculture-glyphosate/france-suggests-glyphosate-exit-could-be-even-slower-than-planned-idUKKCN1Q41S0</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">/</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn69" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn69" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn69;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[69]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/07/03/business/herbicide-glyphosate-fire-worldwide-gets-banned-austria/#.XZk1_kZKjIV"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/07/03/business/herbicide-glyphosate-fire-worldwide-gets-banned-austria/#.XZk1_kZKjIV</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn70" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn70" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn70;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[70]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> France 24,
“Weedkiller Roundup banned in France after court ruling”, (16.01.2019).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20190116-weedkiller-roundup-banned-france-after-court-ruling"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.france24.com/en/20190116-weedkiller-roundup-banned-france-after-court-ruling</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn71" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn71" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn71;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[71]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn72" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn72" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn72;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[72]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Ibid.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn73" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn73" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn73;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[73]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">France 24,
“Paris, four other French cities ban use of pesticides”, (12/09/2019).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20190912-paris-four-other-french-cities-ban-use-of-pesticides"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.france24.com/en/20190912-paris-four-other-french-cities-ban-use-of-pesticides</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn74" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn74" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn74;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[74]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn75" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn75" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn75;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[75]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Directive
2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, “Establishing a
framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides”,
(21 October 2009). </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009L0128&from=EN"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32009L0128&from=EN</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn76" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn76" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn76;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[76]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> France24,
“French rebel mayors defy government by imposing illicit pesticide bans”,
Louise Nordstrom, (06/09/2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20190906-france-glyphosate-french-rebel-mayors-roundup-monsanto-government-illicit-pesticide-bans"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.france24.com/en/20190906-france-glyphosate-french-rebel-mayors-roundup-monsanto-government-illicit-pesticide-bans</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn77" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn77" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn77;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[77]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> DW, “Germany set
to ban glyphosate from end of 2023”, (04.09.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.dw.com/en/germany-set-to-ban-glyphosate-from-end-of-2023/a-50282891</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn78" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn78" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn78;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[78]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> At the end of
August, an administrative court in Rennes ruled that Cueff had overstepped his
authority by imposing the ban, deeming it unlawful. He immediately vowed to
appeal the ruling, saying that as a mayor, he “could not ignore the health of
local residents”.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn79" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn79" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn79;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[79]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">France 24,
“Paris, four other French cities ban use of pesticides”, (12/09/2019).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.france24.com/en/20190912-paris-four-other-french-cities-ban-use-of-pesticides"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.france24.com/en/20190912-paris-four-other-french-cities-ban-use-of-pesticides</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">. </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn80" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn80" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn80;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[80]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Ibid.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn81" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn81" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn81;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[81]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ministry
of Housing, Communities and Local Government, “Duties placed on authorities by
legislation for which DCLG is responsible “(21.03.2011). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://data.gov.uk/dataset/01171494-e40b-463f-9967-56d158412321/statutory-duties-placed-on-local-government"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://data.gov.uk/dataset/01171494-e40b-463f-9967-56d158412321/statutory-duties-placed-on-local-government</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn82" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn82" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn82;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[82]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Colchester Gov, CBC - The Strategic Plan 2018-21,
available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.colchester.gov.uk/info/cbc-article/?catid=policy-framework-local-choice&id=KA-01475"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.colchester.gov.uk/info/cbc-article/?catid=policy-framework-local-choice&id=KA-01475</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn83" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn83" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn83;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[83]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;">Zhang, Luoping& Rana, Iemaan& M Shaaffer, Rachel &Taioli,
Emanuela& Sheppard, Lianne,(2019), <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Exposure
to glyphosate-based herbicides and risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A
meta-analysis and supporting evidence,</i>Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation
Research, Volume 781, July–September 2019, Pages 186-206.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn84" style="mso-element: footnote;">
<div class="MsoFootnoteText" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn84" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn84;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[84]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> Directive
2009/128/EC, “Establishing a framework for Community action to achieve the
sustainable use of pesticides”, (21.10.2009), Official Journal of the European
Union, L 309/71. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/sustainable_use_pesticides_en?fbclid=IwAR30WJS8QZK35euRYS6c09skO6hWPhgzHkKqsB8LIvWKqNvZRQVCZC5ZwRU"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/sustainable_use_pesticides_en?fbclid=IwAR30WJS8QZK35euRYS6c09skO6hWPhgzHkKqsB8LIvWKqNvZRQVCZC5ZwRU</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"> and </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:309:0071:0086:en:PDF"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="color: blue;">https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:309:0071:0086:en:PDF</span></span></a></span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn85" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn85" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn85;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[85]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">EssexLive, Piers Meyler, “Council won't stop using weedkiller linked to
cancer - unless EU says so”, (30.07.2019). Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.essexlive.news/news/essex-news/council-we-wont-stop-using-3261237"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.essexlive.news/news/essex-news/council-we-wont-stop-using-3261237</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn86" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn86" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn86;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[86]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Health and Safety Executive, “Sensible risk in local government”,
available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.hse.gov.uk/services/localgovernment/sensible-risk/index.htm?fbclid=IwAR1ymkKYfu28qi_6dXAndEHm4dIjB6GF108K-7fhjfnO745TxvPskzNb8nA"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.hse.gov.uk/services/localgovernment/sensible-risk/index.htm?fbclid=IwAR1ymkKYfu28qi_6dXAndEHm4dIjB6GF108K-7fhjfnO745TxvPskzNb8nA</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn87" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn87" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn87;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[87]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
Sustainable Pulse, Glyphosate Herbicides Now Banned or Restricted in 18
Countries Worldwide – Sustainable Pulse Research, (28.05.2019).Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://sustainablepulse.com/2019/05/28/glyphosate-herbicides-now-banned-or-restricted-in-17-countries-worldwide-sustainable-pulse-research/?fbclid=IwAR0c16zqWhwmLpWAFGsNms2THpTUwwPHEvTtPknzPWxqCIChh0WWVGYMvz8#.XZyh0kZKjIV"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://sustainablepulse.com/2019/05/28/glyphosate-herbicides-now-banned-or-restricted-in-17-countries-worldwide-sustainable-pulse-research/?fbclid=IwAR0c16zqWhwmLpWAFGsNms2THpTUwwPHEvTtPknzPWxqCIChh0WWVGYMvz8#.XZyh0kZKjIV</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn88" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn88" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn88;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[88]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">LocalGov,
William Eichler, “The cost of glyphosate-based weedkillers”, (26.06.2017).
Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.localgov.co.uk/The-cost-of-glyphosate-based-weed-killers/43505?fbclid=IwAR2zHaaxwcOxoNznkU9ZnXQB9-_6CZ4ygY9d2Ue7HEX-zvaRqFrxtfAhtQI"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://www.localgov.co.uk/The-cost-of-glyphosate-based-weed-killers/43505?fbclid=IwAR2zHaaxwcOxoNznkU9ZnXQB9-_6CZ4ygY9d2Ue7HEX-zvaRqFrxtfAhtQI</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
<div id="ftn89" style="mso-element: footnote;">
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<a href="file:///C:/Users/User/Documents/PRINT-Final2019GlyphosatesReport%20%202.docx" name="_ftn89" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn89;" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote;"><!--[if !supportFootnotes]--><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">[89]</span></span></span><!--[endif]--></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">
Colchester Borough Council ,Scheme of Delegation by the Leader of the Council
to Cabinet Members, (June 2019), Health & Safety, </span><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">page 8. Available at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://cbccrmdata.blob.core.windows.net/noteattachment/CBC-Scheme-of-delegation-to-cabinet-v2-how-the-council-works-3del19a-cab.pdf?fbclid=IwAR34piyFdLcNKD2hDexJB98tB1S-vF6Fb56-gzEz-qgPRkIxuYudqMeQrTw#page=8"><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">https://cbccrmdata.blob.core.windows.net/noteattachment/CBC-Scheme-of-delegation-to-cabinet-v2-how-the-council-works-3del19a-cab.pdf?fbclid=IwAR34piyFdLcNKD2hDexJB98tB1S-vF6Fb56-gzEz-qgPRkIxuYudqMeQrTw#page=8</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">.</span><br />
<br />
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<strong><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p><u>APPENDIX TO THE REPORT</u></o:p></span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p><u></u></o:p></span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p>1) France to ban 36 glyphosate products by the end of 2020</o:p></span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p><a href="https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/france-to-ban-36-glyphosate-products-by-end-of-2020/4010956.article">https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/france-to-ban-36-glyphosate-products-by-end-of-2020/4010956.article</a></o:p></span></strong><br />
<strong><span style="font-family: "helveticaneue lt 57 cn"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong> </div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-6808275769084396942018-07-05T06:31:00.000-07:002018-07-05T06:31:15.932-07:00My Concerns About The Proposed St Botolphs Quarter Development<br />
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We have serious concerns about the proposed St Botolph’s
Quarter development and having attended the recent public exhibition at
Greyfriars by Alumno Group and Building Partnerships, those concerns have been
amplified. The main development proposals are for a 90 bedroom (approx.) hotel
next to the new Curzon cinema on Queen Street and for a 330 bedroom (approx.)
student accommodation block on the former bus station site adjacent to
Firstsite.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our concerns include the following:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The St Botolphs area is supposed to be a
cultural quarter and yet the proposed development offers minimal new cultural
facilities; only a possible performance space for Colchester Institute students
within the accommodation block. Most of the development is student
accommodation with nothing related to heritage and no additional public arts,
craft or leisure facilities, which is a huge missed opportunity.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The development is being sold to the public by
Alumno as ‘mixed development’ when in fact is essentially a hotel and student
accommodation block with retail facilities largely for students and hotel
guests. The Alumno rep admitted that the retail spaces would be leased at a
market rate (meaning expensive) to student-friendly chains of the Costa coffee
and Nandos type (the rep actually mentioned Nandos). Given that Colchester
desperately needs a low rent retail area to create a vibrant small business hub
such as the Lanes in Brighton, this is another huge missed opportunity. Once
again large corporate chains are being given priority over small retailers and
local independents.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->This development proposal is being led not by
the community but by commercial interests and profit maximisation. The local
community has been invited to comment on the developers’ proposals but not on
the actual use that the site should be put to. This therefore is not a truly
democratic process. The public and local residents should be consulted by the
Borough Council on whether student accommodation is the best use of this site. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The density of the proposed development raises a
number of micro issues. The North Building of the accommodation block obscures
the view of Firstsite and Berryfield from the Curzon cinema restaurant space,
while the Central Building obscures the view from the proposed new hotel. The
height of both the hotel and much of the accommodation block is four storeys,
as high as Firstsite. This is a much bigger and much denser set of buildings
than the recently demolished building next to the Curzon and would totally
block the view of Firstsite from Queen Street.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The student accommodation itself is being
pitched at the high end of the market. The Alumno rep flatly refused to
indicate what the likely rent levels are to be, indeed she stated that it was
against company policy to divulge that information. However she then went on to
state that it would be ‘market rate’. This is a euphemism for expensive. This
development is a private commercial venture by Alumno and not by the University
of Essex. Not only does it contribute to what amounts to the privatisation of
higher education and student infrastructure but it also does nothing to address
the problem of high student living costs and debt. Furthermore, if as is
possible, not all of the 330 bedrooms are let to students, due to the high
rents, then it is possible that the accommodation could end up as high-cost
flats.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->There is no social housing proposed for the
site. Given that the Borough Council are constantly (and with reason) pointing
out the need for more social housing in Colchester, this is surprising to say
the least.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18.0pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Alumno have stated that none of the students
will be allowed to have cars and that there will be no parking for either
students or hotel guests on site. We welcome the fact that there is an intention
to minimise additional traffic in the area. However this means that hotel
guests will be told to use the Priory Street car park, putting additional
pressure on that facility. Moreover, it is not clear how Alumno will enforce
the no car rule regarding the students. When they were asked what would happen
if students park cars ‘under the radar’ on nearby car parks, the Alumno rep
stated that it would be up to local residents to report this. This raises the
question of how local residents are supposed to identify whether car owners are
students or not, how they are supposed to prove it and who would have the
authority to approach drivers in a car park and question them. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Therefore we believe that the Borough Council needs to look
at this again. The area does need careful and considered development however
this should be led by community need as opposed to corporate greed. We believe
that creating a vibrant, low rent retail area of specialised independent shops,
combined with new heritage facilities and museum space would be a much better
use of the site. Also if some badly needed social housing were to be part of a
genuinely mixed use development then this would help towards alleviating some
of the pressure to build on greenfield sites.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-52076532911985330412018-03-20T05:51:00.004-07:002018-03-20T05:54:41.315-07:00The Results Are In: Dangerous Levels of Air Pollution In Castle Ward<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqrSrbumUa_YU1Dj8M2M6mBn2hBfW5-jwEDvPstn8HbRdqWT_k99ApShjjL470hB6W-oAq71AXvOVAQo5xeKbdaRHEmMeON5kpoRSphkRZFDPeNw1NmqHs-ySsJPOSiOIfGlsleQyTm5Y/s1600/air.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqrSrbumUa_YU1Dj8M2M6mBn2hBfW5-jwEDvPstn8HbRdqWT_k99ApShjjL470hB6W-oAq71AXvOVAQo5xeKbdaRHEmMeON5kpoRSphkRZFDPeNw1NmqHs-ySsJPOSiOIfGlsleQyTm5Y/s320/air.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnjBRo1cziHRNU-aC_kbiAf3exUhjC4Tzdvb7v4xBh97sWzAKrtduRhniYPzeHUzAVXDFIziptJYtvMA5S2QlwGlEJvKGehUnc1d3kG_KB636wKmSBqZxNYeo87mdgeBXjNFvctxz5aUg/s1600/air2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="720" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnjBRo1cziHRNU-aC_kbiAf3exUhjC4Tzdvb7v4xBh97sWzAKrtduRhniYPzeHUzAVXDFIziptJYtvMA5S2QlwGlEJvKGehUnc1d3kG_KB636wKmSBqZxNYeo87mdgeBXjNFvctxz5aUg/s320/air2.jpg" width="240" /></a><br />
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As reported in the Colchester Gazette, here are the full set
of results from our diffusion tube testing of nitrogen dioxide traffic
emissions in Castle Ward. We have done this testing to add to the Council's own
testing results rather than to compete with them and we fully encourage people
to use both sets of results. Our findings are more positive for Brook St
residents as the emissions are lower than on the Council's 2016 set of
statistics. However they are very concerning for those living near East Street
and North Station Road. The concentration of an air pollutant (eg. Nitrogen
Dioxide) is given in micrograms (one-millionth of a gram) per cubic meter air
or µg/m3. NO2 levels should be within a <b>40 ug/m3 </b>annual legal limit.<o:p></o:p><br />
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<b>1) Outhouse East, East Hill - 36.22 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>2) Brook Street (Near Number 71) - 34.52 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>3) Brook Street (Bottom End Near Traffic Lights) - 37.84 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>4) Queen Street- 34.72 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>5) St Botolphs Street- 52.72 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>6) East Street near Ipswich Road turning - 60.74 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>7) North Station Road - 58.02 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>8) East Street - 52.76 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>9) Colchester High Street - 37.10 <o:p></o:p></b></div>
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<b>10) Top end of East Hill (Oyster House) - 44.17</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-42365054387871379662017-05-22T14:37:00.000-07:002017-05-22T14:37:05.840-07:00My Appeal To Conservative Voters: Lend Me Your Vote This Time<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhul6FL3gvcPKw1eMO2Gb11pX0O2bVSkHBDU20bOgV-af1yR9kOx7oBKUdjIUJlz700P7v8jlT4zVzWxYWvrhXe03J6Uv-w3aJFAKWh9asJS5fS__fJtc59eqeSqs02HElY4WRSnHT_dcI/s1600/protect-our-countryside.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhul6FL3gvcPKw1eMO2Gb11pX0O2bVSkHBDU20bOgV-af1yR9kOx7oBKUdjIUJlz700P7v8jlT4zVzWxYWvrhXe03J6Uv-w3aJFAKWh9asJS5fS__fJtc59eqeSqs02HElY4WRSnHT_dcI/s320/protect-our-countryside.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
It may seem strange to some that a Green candidate should be asking Conservative voters to lend me your votes this time. However I know that many Conservative voters have serious concerns about overdevelopment of the countryside around Colchester, the need to help small businesses, Theresa May's proposed 'dementia tax' and crime. Many will not feel comfortable voting Labour or Lib Dem, however lend me your vote on June 8th and I will <strong>get things done for Colchester.</strong><br />
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<strong><u>Protecting Our Countryside from Overdevelopment</u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
Many people are rightly worried about overdevelopment and the huge new towns planned for West Tey and near to Wivenhoe. In 2012 the Conservative led coalition government introduced a <em>National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) </em>which created a presumption in favour of development. It is a developers' charter which skews the planning system in favour of developers and prevents local people from stopping unwanted urban sprawl. It is the current Conservative government that is imposing unreasonable development targets on local councils such as Colchester and Tendring. <br />
<strong>The Green Party Manifesto 2017 pledges to:</strong> <br />
- repeal the National Planning Policy Framework completely<br />
- end the presumption in favour of development<br />
- put planning back in the hands of local people<br />
- provide strong protection for the Green Belt<br />
- stop fracking<br />
- abolish HS2 and spend the money on existing rail lines<br />
- introduce a Clean Air Act and an Environmental Protection Act<br />
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Locally I will continue to oppose the developments at West Tey and Wivenhoe. <br />
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<strong><u>Stopping the Dementia Tax</u></strong><br />
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People work hard throughout their lives to pay off their mortgages and build a home. Most people with children hope to leave most of what they have worked for to their children and grandchildren, including the family home. <strong>Currently over 75% of over 65s in the UK are home owners and the average price of a home is £280,000.</strong> <br />
The Conservative Party's new proposals on social care funding open up every person's primary property to <strong>seizure upon death </strong>to cover care costs, even if the care was provided in the property and not in a residential home. <br />
The Conservative manifesto proposals will only protect £100,000 for you to leave to your children or grandchildren in such circumstances which is less than half the cost of an average family home. Make no mistake, whatever the backtracking, Theresa May wants to stop you leaving your primary property to your children if you need social care in your later years.<br />
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<strong>The Green Party will not introduce these proposals. </strong><br />
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<strong><u>Small Businesses First</u></strong><br />
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The Green Party believes in small local businesses and a vibrant local economy. If elected, I will campaign and lobby for:<br />
- better and cheaper parking facilities in central Colchester<br />
- lower business taxes for small businesses. Make the large corporations pay more.<br />
- a Brexit deal which still enables small businesses to trade with Europe easily<br />
- recognition and encouragement of our street traders<br />
- lower rents for businesses in the town centre<br />
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<strong><u>Crime</u></strong><br />
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The Conservative and coalition governments have cut police numbers by 20,000 since 2010. As Home Secretary, Theresa May broke her pledge to protect the police budget in real terms. Crime affects us all, yet very few of us can afford to live in gated communities or to hire private security firms. We need more police officers in Colchester to cope with weekend policing in particular. If elected, I would lobby and campaign for:<br />
- increased funding for Colchester police and more officers<br />
- a zero tolerance approach to drug dealers coming to our town from London <br />
- increased officer patrols in central Colchester on Friday & Saturday nights<br />
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<strong><u>Guarantee a Home For Ex-Service Personnel</u></strong><br />
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It is completely unacceptable that someone who has fought for their country should end up on the streets. Yet across the UK, one in ten of rough sleepers are ex-service personnel, 1000 in London alone. <strong>That is why I will, if elected, be lobbying and campaigning for a law to guarantee all ex-service personnel, as well as all those aged under 21, a home by law. Local councils will be forced to house them and central government forced to fund it.</strong><br />
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<strong>If you like what you read, please lend me your vote on June 8th</strong><br />
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<strong>HELP ME TO GET THINGS DONE</strong><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-20040010190320997052017-05-14T14:50:00.002-07:002017-05-14T15:11:23.464-07:00Save Our NHS<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRqZwqxiXWtr4YAQRZzAb3RxjGGn2Cm8Zt4391qFq9OffbKOfYKFKAtoBo-96QcRpvHtebavv9nHC5UszVJYb7oH7z561HcACh_ht4i3Fi9PTdJjbjYTM6c0nspQHpt4-xtjl-GIAKmN0/s1600/nhsnew2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRqZwqxiXWtr4YAQRZzAb3RxjGGn2Cm8Zt4391qFq9OffbKOfYKFKAtoBo-96QcRpvHtebavv9nHC5UszVJYb7oH7z561HcACh_ht4i3Fi9PTdJjbjYTM6c0nspQHpt4-xtjl-GIAKmN0/s320/nhsnew2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
After leaving university in 1988, I worked for a year for the NHS in the finance department of Leicester Royal Infirmary. Back then the financial pressures on the NHS seemed acute, however that was nothing compared to the situation today. Our NHS is being sucked dry by PFI debt, hammered by underfunding and bit by bit privatised by stealth.<br />
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<strong><u>BEFORE THE NHS</u></strong><br />
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However before we get too carried away with current doom and gloom, it would be sobering to have a few choice facts about life before the NHS was created by the post-war Clement Attlee government. <br />
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<em>- Before the NHS, the only system in place was that created by Lloyd-George's National Insurance Act 1911. Premiums were high because they were charged at a flat rate, <strong>the Lord and the labourer paid the same.</strong></em><br />
<em>- The uninsured were only treated in hospital if they had TB (Tuberculosis). <strong>Everyone else could sling their hook.</strong></em><br />
<em>- <strong>One in twenty children died before their first birthday.</strong></em><br />
<em>- Thousands of people died in England every year from treatable diseases such as pneumonia, polio and meningitis.</em><br />
<em>- Those who could not afford 'to call the Doctor out' had to resort to home remedies such as bread poultices and blackberry vinegar. <strong>Or alternatively they could kick the bucket.</strong></em><br />
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This was the reality of 1930s Britain.<br />
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Fortunately we now have the NHS, the largest employer in the UK, providing jobs for 1.7 million people. It treats over 3 million people per week in England alone and the NHS budget for 2012-2013 was £109 billion. <br />
<strong>However the very scope of the NHS is what makes it attractive to those who want to buy into its services to run them for a profit.</strong><br />
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<strong><u>PFI, OUTSOURCING AND DEBT: THE THREE HORSEMEN OF THE APOCALYPSE</u></strong><br />
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Government politicians love to say that they are spending record amounts on the NHS. In raw terms this may be true. But what they never tell you is that these increases are more than wiped out by the rising cost of drugs and increasing demand due to the rising UK population. Spending per patient is going down while the big drug companies are allowed to charge extortionate rates for their products.<br />
In the 1990s the John Major and New Labour governments came up with the worst idea ever inflicted on UK public services. <strong>PFI Deals (Public Finance Initiative). </strong>Put simply they got private firms to build new hospitals and then leased the buildings from them at extortionate rates of interest. Here are some astounding statistics:<br />
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<em>- The NHS has PFI debt of £80 billion for hospitals which only cost £11.5 billion to build.</em><br />
<em>- The total PFI debt for all UK public services is £300 billion for projects worth only £55 billion.</em><br />
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The stupidity behind this whole idea beggars belief and yet these rip-off deals keep going on with student accommodation being the latest racket. Meanwhile our so-called 'failing hospitals' are deemed financial failures because they are saddled with years of debt.<br />
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<strong>The result is endless reorganisations, cuts and outsourcing of services to private firms who bid for contracts at the cheapest rate, often at the expense of quality of service.</strong> Some further statistics:<br />
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<em>- Between 2005-2009, New Labour blew £780 million on 70 reorganisations in 4 years. </em><br />
<em>- The current Conservative government has spent £17.6 million on management consultants briefed to draw up plans to cut £22 million from the NHS budget by 2020.</em><br />
<em>- In January 2017 there were 18,000 trolley waits due to not enough beds.</em><br />
<em>- Extra funding does not all go to the NHS. In winter 2016-17 £2 million went to private providers eg Richard Branson's Virgin Healthcare.</em><br />
<em>- Private firms now carry out 17% of hip replacements, treat 10% of all trauma patients and 6% of all gall bladder removals.</em><br />
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Private providers bid for services by offering to run them on the cheap, undercutting the NHS. The Tory government have changed the law in order to insist that the private sector has to be given equal access to bid for services and the imposed cuts create a situation where cheapest wins. <strong>Cheapest also often means low paid staff, job losses and a bog-standard or inadequate service for the public.</strong><br />
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<em>- In 2013 a Freedom of Information request found that 52 NHS staff had been paid £2 million in gagging orders to stop them speaking out about what was happening to quality of provision.</em><br />
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<strong><u>THE HINCHINGBROOKE SCANDAL</u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
In 2011 Hinchingbrooke Hospital in Cambridgeshire became the second UK hospital to be given to a private company, called Circle, to run for supposedly 'failing'. Failing that is in the context of being saddled with £40 million PFI related debt thanks to Mr Blair and being situated in a county with a huge rising population. As a result:<br />
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<em>- Circle's debt reduction plan included £311 million worth of job cuts and streamlining A&E services leading to increasingly long waiting times before being seen</em><br />
<em>- In October 2013 the Childrens' Ward failed to meet national standards of care.</em><br />
<em>- In 2014 the Care Quality Commission found severe issues with patient care including people lying for hours in their own faeces.</em><br />
<em>- Circle pulled out in 2015 claiming that the hospital was not financially viable , meaning in other words that even with all of its 'efficiency savings' the lack of funding and crippling PFI debts were too much.</em><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-6294754146940938332017-05-12T01:53:00.000-07:002017-05-12T02:28:09.891-07:00My Personal Appeal To UKIP Voters in Colchester<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1ZqgyGVdcJvrazALYAQdCo3we3D2Isp2OM2v3RNndN4h9ZZhyphenhyphenF5NmerU5zNgnGVfvNQD1YS7d2vmoV1y44EiwkXVfgoxbIXZEnVW_jy9wutK3RMFY0DTESIw0f_ZE4KbFpriWJlbWA8I/s1600/aust.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1ZqgyGVdcJvrazALYAQdCo3we3D2Isp2OM2v3RNndN4h9ZZhyphenhyphenF5NmerU5zNgnGVfvNQD1YS7d2vmoV1y44EiwkXVfgoxbIXZEnVW_jy9wutK3RMFY0DTESIw0f_ZE4KbFpriWJlbWA8I/s320/aust.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
UKIP have decided not to field a candidate in Colchester for the general election on June 8th. They have chosen to disenfranchise you by denying you the opportunity to vote for them again, as 5870 people chose to do in the 2015 election. By doing so they have let you down. This comes after they lost all of their county councillors in the recent local elections in Essex. They are a party in terminal decline.<br />
I know that many people chose to vote UKIP because the other parties seem like an out of touch elite who talk from a script, don't do what they say they'll do and generally talk down their noses at people. <b>But it doesn't have to be like this.</b> As someone from a working class background who has only been doing this for four years I know that career politicians are often out of touch and live in their own world. I won't let that happen to me.<b> In Colchester I am the only anti-establishment candidate standing.</b> The Conservatives want to slash £12 billion from our public services and to privatise the NHS bit by bit. Labour in Colchester represent the Tony Blair faction of the party that have caused so much damage to our country.<br />
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<b>Lend me your vote this time and I will get things done. </b></h3>
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My priorities include:</div>
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<b>- Getting more investment into our hospital and NHS</b><br />
<b>- Campaigning for a guarantee of a home by law for all ex-service personnel and under 21s</b><br />
<b>- Creating over 2 million jobs nationally in renewable energy</b><br />
<b>- Campaigning loudly against the overdevelopment of our town and the huge new towns planned for us.</b><br />
<b>- Campaigning for a huge investment in social care for older people</b><br />
<b>- Putting small businesses before the large corporations. Less tax for the small businesses, more for the corporations.</b><br />
<b>- Investing in equipment for our armed forces so they are not sent into conflicts ill-equipped</b><br />
<b>- More police and zero tolerance of drug dealers coming to Colchester from London</b><br />
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If you like the sound of this then please lend me your vote on June 8th and let's get things done.<br />
<br />
Mark Goacher<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-63382450670014893882017-05-11T11:49:00.001-07:002017-05-11T11:49:03.822-07:00My Top Ten Environmental Policy Prioities for Colchester<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The grey parties are wilfully ignoring the environment as an issue in this general election. Environmental issues are getting barely a mention in the media but what sets the Green Party apart from the others is that we place environmental issues at the heart of our campaigning. Joint leader Caroline Lucas states:<br />
<em>"The need for the Green Party is greater than ever. Unless we have got a vocal Green Party then the environment is allowed to fall off the agenda".</em><br />
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Here are my top ten environmental priorities for Colchester:<br />
<br />
<strong>1) Improving Air Quality: </strong>Some areas of central Colchester suffer from high pollution. Brook Street, East Hill and North Station Road all spring immediately to mind. As MP I would put pressure on our local councils to monitor the air quality of the town and around its major roads more rigorously and campaign for cleaner buses as opposed to bus companies using old polluting vehicles as a cheap option.<br />
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<strong>2) Promoting Solar Energy: </strong>There is much roof space above our major retail outlets and public buildings that could be utilised for solar panels. As MP I would set up meetings between representatives from businesses, local councils and solar power providers to facilitate greater use of this space.<br />
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<strong>3) Defending Our Green Spaces: </strong>As MP I would have a platform and the oxygen of publicity to really challenge the developers and central government over the huge overdevelopment planned for the Colchester area. I would rigorously campaign and lobby against unreasonable housing targets, weakening of the planning laws, encroaching on the green belt and more specifically West Tey and the concreting over of Middlewick Ranges.<br />
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<strong>4) Saving Our Wildlife</strong>: I would campaign for and vote for the Green Party's proposed <strong>Environmental Protection Act </strong>designed to protect the natural world in the wake of Brexit and the loss of the EU wildlife and birds directives. The act would set up a new environmental regulator and court. <br />
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<strong>5) Tackling Habitat Loss: </strong>The 2013 The State of Nature Report, launched by Sir David Attenborough, revealed that 60% of the species studied have declined over recent decades. More than one in ten of all the species assessed are under threat of disappearing from our shores altogether. As MP I would work with national organisations such as Friends of the Earth to lobby for the State of Nature report to inform all government decisions involving the environment as well as for the promotion of conservation work to reverse this decline to be a top government priority.<br />
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<strong>6) No To Fracking, Yes to renewables.</strong> The current government's cuts to the subsidies provided for renewables should be completely reversed. As MP I would campaign for our government to learn from Germany and Scandinavia and put renewable energy first in order to tackle climate change, create jobs and avoid pollution. I would campaign for the creation of 2.5 million green energy jobs by 2030.<br />
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<strong>7) A Ban on Glyphosates: </strong>Glyphosate herbicides are over-used on our crops, paths and in Castle Park. I would use my position as MP to put pressure on the Borough Council to end this use locally and on central government for a national ban.<br />
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<strong>8) No to Foxhunting: </strong>Engaging in animal cruelty as a sport should remain illegal.<br />
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<strong>9) Subsidies For Farmers Who Promote Wildlife: </strong>Farmers who set aside land for nature or create wildlife meadows, ponds and other habitats should receive generous subsidies from central government. I would lobby hard for this.<br />
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<strong>10) Litter: </strong>Litter blights central Colchester far too often. I would use my position as MP to lobby the Council to ensure regular cleaning as well as set up local community volunteer teams. Bag it and bin it and that way we'll win it.<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-30558290352106588182017-05-06T14:28:00.000-07:002017-05-08T02:33:14.706-07:00Getting Up Close & Personal: Who is Mark Goacher?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Most interviews during an election period concentrate just on the politics. Which often begs the question of how much you really know about the people standing and asking for your votes. So here is my attempt at a more personal kind of interview.<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: So what do you do outside of politics?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
Well I'm a full time teacher at Colchester Sixth Form College and have been for 27 years so that takes up a great deal of my time. I've just finished marking the A level coursework and mock exams and now it's full on revision lessons and trying to encourage the students to do as much graft as possible in the run up to exams. I'm the NUT rep at the college.<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: Yes but what else besides work?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
I volunteer regularly at Outhouse East, Colchester's LGBT charity, and am on the board of trustees. I am an avid reader of history and fiction; I have just finished John Guy's book on Thomas Becket. Late medieval history, particularly the Wars of the Roses, is a particular interest of mine and I grew up not far from the site of the Battle of Bosworth. I'm also an avid fan of cult tv/sci fi from the 60s and 70s : Doctor Who, Blake's 7, Survivors to name but a few.<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: But isn't sci-fi is geeky and shouldn't you play down your involvement with a gay charity?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
No and no and I'd find anyone asking such questions to be amusingly anachronistic. I fail to see why an interest in Doctor Who is any more geeky or nerdy than the guy who collects car magazines or the bloke into war gaming or football. As far as the LGBT angle is concerned I doubt there are many voters who still think that politicians can only be heterosexual males with a wife and two children in 2017 .<br />
<strong></strong><br />
<strong>Q: So where did you grow up?</strong><br />
<br />
I was born in Leicester and grew up in Leicestershire near Hinckley and Bosworth. As I said it was not far from the site of the Battle of Bosworth where Richard III was killed. I was extremely pleased when Richard's remains were discovered and reinterred in Leicester Cathedral. It was a great moment for the city and has brought over £45 million of investment into Leicester. I used to work at Leicester Royal Infirmary as a trainee accountant. <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheR8KD6ACbiAhKPyjLKktoyNvRHim4s_ulQnEVD0mSortLJeD4XWZT-mrGtRgSgy5fscx28Q8yGv68vlDY-qaHecpYck4Wc5cmnXXWoRESMcqOlPE5q-LxgQi78ucxPIKO1NK_8coIXx4/s1600/mark7.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheR8KD6ACbiAhKPyjLKktoyNvRHim4s_ulQnEVD0mSortLJeD4XWZT-mrGtRgSgy5fscx28Q8yGv68vlDY-qaHecpYck4Wc5cmnXXWoRESMcqOlPE5q-LxgQi78ucxPIKO1NK_8coIXx4/s320/mark7.jpg" width="223" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">As Leicestershire lad 1979</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: How do you think your background has shaped you?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
Well I've lived in various social worlds in my life which I think gives me an understanding of a range of different people. I never have and never would want to live in an echo chamber which seems far too common among the politician set. My parents didn't live together and my mother worked in a boot and shoe factory and my dad, who lived with his parents in Hinckley, was a linesman fixing electric wires. So that's a pretty working class start. I went to comprehensive schools Heathfield High School and then Earl Shilton Community College. Both are now one single academy which makes me shudder as they served me well. Teachers like Mr Clarke, Mr Chitty and Miss Mclintock inspired my love of History. There were some brilliant teachers in those schools and I made it through sixth form and got into Lancaster University in 1985, the first of my family to go to university. Going to university meant something to me, it was not something I took for granted. I think too many people involved in politics are not only distanced from the majority of people but also look down on them, often unconsciously. <br />
<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">At Lancaster University 1988</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: So when did you move to Colchester?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
In 1990 when I came to work at the Sixth Form College. I'd has a job as a trainee accountant at Leicester Royal Infirmary which I didn't enjoy one bit. Hardly surprising as I've no interest in numbers or figures. I applied as quick as I could for teacher training, which I did at Nottingham University's school of education. Then came to Colchester. I've been here for nearly 27 years and I was 23 when I arrived so that's most of my life. So I may not be an Essex native but I think I've earned the right to call myself a Colchestrian. I know that Colchester people value its Sixth Form College and I'm proud to have been part of a History department that has offered such a wide range of subjects and options over the years. <br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: Why did you get into politics?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
I've always been 'into politics' in the sense of being interested in it. However I joined the Green Party in 2012 because I was angry about two things ; the swingeing cuts being imposed on education, public services and pensions and the huge overdevelopment of our countryside. The coalition government's tuition fee policy made me furious as the prospect of being saddled with £45,000 + worth of debts would certainly have impacted badly on me in later life. I went to university for free so why shouldn't the millenials? Then the Lib Dem controlled Hinckley and Bosworth Borough Council wanted to build a huge urban sprawl estate on the countryside near to where I grew up in Leicestershire. I've always been interested in conservation and wildlife protection and I'd joined the Green Party in the 1990s as a non-active member. It was around the time of Swampy and the Newbury bypass roads protests that were in the news. I wasn't active in any way but I sympathised with green causes. Now however I decided to get more involved.<br />
<br />
<strong>Q: Are you a glass half empty or a glass half full kind of person?</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
Both I think. I do think that we need to be realistic about the world and not overly, completely optimistic about everything. I wonder how far that state of mind is from being wilfully indifferent or just unimaginative. You have to recognise that there are awful things going on which are going to be very hard to reverse such as the underfunding of the NHS, the catastrophic decline in global wildlife and of course climate change. However taking a fatalistic approach to these things without any optimism at all or capacity to believe that you can do your bit to change things is just copping out.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglaR5KWBABtiu-vLBoCqBcRwkrOxXnhouz92Z0DE20JE-Ug-PtNXAEGR1gpRfvlSTUW_ZbS82CqQQTSaqmlOf3i8Y6q6KH_NknyT-k64Q7l-DgwLSIPRIn1VC2Elhv0fWrK315xvCh-oE/s1600/IMG_0333-001.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglaR5KWBABtiu-vLBoCqBcRwkrOxXnhouz92Z0DE20JE-Ug-PtNXAEGR1gpRfvlSTUW_ZbS82CqQQTSaqmlOf3i8Y6q6KH_NknyT-k64Q7l-DgwLSIPRIn1VC2Elhv0fWrK315xvCh-oE/s320/IMG_0333-001.JPG" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cleaning up the Colne</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<strong></strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-41865315519552646722017-05-06T11:36:00.002-07:002017-05-16T01:07:29.316-07:00My Ten Point Action Plan For Colchester As MP<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Should I be elected as Colchester's first Green MP on June 8th, my immediate priorities will be:<br />
<br />
<strong>1) CAMPAIGNING FOR MORE NHS FUNDING FOR COLCHESTER: </strong>I will lobby vociferously for more investment in Colchester Hospital and walk-in centres to cope with the ever increasing local population. I will use my position in the House of Commons to raise the issue of creeping NHS privatisation at every single opportunity.<br />
<br />
<strong>2) SOCIAL CARE FOR THE ELDERLY: </strong>I will use every media opportunity I get to expose the disgusting state of the social care system and the chronic cuts to local government funding which is fuelling it. The last generation to have lived through World War II deserve better.<br />
<br />
<strong>3) FIGHTING OVERDEVELOPMENT OF OUR COUNTRYSIDE: </strong>I will lobby continuously against the weakening of the planning laws which have made it easier for developers to build over the green belt in general and concrete over the countryside around Colchester. Local people should have real localism when it comes to planning decisions.<br />
<br />
<strong>4) PRIVATE MEMBERS BILL ON SCRAPPING TUITION FEES: </strong>I will draft and table a private members bill as soon as possible to scrap all higher education tuition fees. Essex University students should be able to access higher education freely as older generations did.<br />
<br />
<strong>5) HOUSING: </strong>I will lobby and campaign for most new housing to be social housing and for rent capping in the UK. Too many new developments in and around Colchester consist of huge ugly boxes at equally huge prices.<br />
<br />
<strong>6) JOBS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY: </strong>I will lobby hard for more subsidies for wind and solar energy in order to reduce our carbon footprint and create jobs both in the Colchester area and nationally.<br />
<br />
<strong>7) EDUCATION.</strong> I will expose the chronic underfunding of our schools and colleges at every opportunity.<br />
<br />
<strong>8) OUR PRECIOUS WILDLIFE: </strong>With over 50% of wildlife in the UK in major decline I will use the publicity that being an MP will bring to ensure that this is not swept under the carpet or ignored.<br />
<br />
<strong>9) THE HOMELESS: </strong>I will work with Colchester's homeless charities to lobby for greater funding from central government to tackle this increasing issue. In particular I will write to whoever is Prime Minister asking that all ex-service personnel and under 21s be guaranteed a roof over their heads by law.<br />
<br />
<strong>10) A CIVIL WAR MUSEUM FOR COLCHESTER: </strong>I will do my best as MP to encourage, facilitate and lobby for funding for a civil war museum in Colchester and further enhancement of our town's heritage.<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-90502493451147817412017-04-23T08:10:00.000-07:002017-04-23T08:10:09.555-07:00My Initial Thoughts on General Election 2017<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-34705233049488388772017-04-17T10:43:00.000-07:002017-04-17T10:45:17.924-07:00NIMBY? Not me mate!Whenever I raise objections to some or other huge development on greenfield land someone invariably calls me a NIMBY, usually online. "Oh you're just a NIMBY', 'People have to live somewhere' and so forth. Lets examine some facts for a minute. Firstly it may be useful to throw in a definition of NIMBY (Not in My Backyard):<br />
<br />
<em>....a person who objects to the siting of something perceived as unpleasant or hazardous in their own neighbourhood, especially while raising no such objections to similar developments elsewhere.</em><br />
<em></em><br />
Hmmm. Let's start with the first part of that. I live in the middle of New Town, very near to Port Lane and Paxman's Diesel factory. I have never objected to the continued activity of the factory or to its location. Moreover a few years ago a large housing estate was built on part of the Paxman's site on Port Lane, Lenz Close and so forth, which I fully supported. It was an excellent use of this brownfield site and just the kind of place to put lots of new homes. Now you could argue that the new houses were not as unpleasant as the brick wall that ran down the lane previously. Fair point, however it still rather mitigates against the notion that Goacher just moans about new houses in his own backyard. Indeed the only major housing development really close to where I live is one that I supported fully. It improved the area and it is now both greener and more pleasant than what was there before. That is how utilising brownfield sites can work.<br />
Now let's turn to the second part of the NIMBY definition. Surely no one could accuse me of not raising objections to unpleasant developments elsewhere. I don't live near West Tey, yet I object to that. I don't live near Salary Brook, yet I object strongly to concreting over that. I shouldn't be doing so if I was a proper NIMBY. I should be saying, 'yes dump all the urban sprawl out in the sticks away from me in New Town'. <br />
Furthermore I like wind and solar farms. I wouldn't mind living near one personally, certainly preferable to a huge modern urban housing estate full of boxes and astro-turf lawns. They may change the look of a place but they don't destroy the countryside:<br />
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What a rubbish NIMBY I seem to be. For some real NIMBYism I'd suggest you look elsewhere. Here for example in today's <em>Colchester Gazette</em>:<br />
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A certain Cllr Young is objecting to the siting of a huge new town near to Wivenhoe, a project he previously <strong>fully supported</strong> in every Council meeting until the developers proposed moving it too close to wards occupied by councillors from Mr Young's own party. It is not just Labour councillors that behave like this. Conservative , Labour and Lib Dem councillors are all fighting to defend their patches and dump the huge urban sprawl on each other's areas, instead of uniting together in order to challenge central government and the developers. That, I suggest, is real NIMBYism for you!<br />
<br />
As for Goacher, well I'd suggest that a better definition for me would be NIABY (Not in Anyone's Backyard). We need to develop more brownfield sites like the Port Lane site. Start with the former Odeon and get moving on that huge area of concrete near to The Range , off Cowdray Avenue. Meanwhile let's stand up to the developers who want to concrete over the countryside and green spaces.<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-34637246952376317382017-03-30T02:00:00.004-07:002021-04-22T13:05:53.535-07:00Colchester Green Party Local Manifesto<div align="center" class="Standard" style="text-align: center;">
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<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 22pt;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 22pt;">Colchester Green Party</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 22pt;">For the Common Good<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 32pt;">
Our Manifesto<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Colchester Green Party
reflects the values, principles and policies of the national Green Party of
England and Wales.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">The Green Party will work
for:<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "starsymbol"; font-size: 15pt;">●<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 15pt;">An economy that gives everyone their fair share<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "starsymbol"; font-size: 15pt;">●<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 15pt;">A society capable of supporting everyone's needs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "starsymbol"; mso-bidi-font-family: StarSymbol; mso-fareast-font-family: StarSymbol;">●<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 15pt;">A planet
protected from the threat of climate change</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-indent: -18pt;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "starsymbol"; font-size: 15pt;">●<span style="font-family: "times new roman"; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 15pt;">A more democratic political system<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">The Green Party is the only Party
that offers <b>a genuine alternative</b> to the other Parties to develop the local economy, to protect the local environment
and to create a new kind of democratic politics.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">1. Local economy<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*<b> </b>We will work to
ensure that the growth of our town is matched by appropriate investment in
infrastructure, such as schools, hospitals and public transport links.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will support local
businesses, encouraging schemes which keep money circulating within the local
economy, instead of letting it be siphoned away by multinational corporations.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will prioritise the
development of the town centre rather than out-of-town shopping centres.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will explore ways of
reducing the overheads of small businesses in the town centre.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will seek to attract
businesses to Colchester that focus on recycling, generating renewable energy,
energy saving and home insulation. This would bring investment and new jobs to
the area.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will promote the building
and upkeep of greener homes, favouring design and build with low carbon
materials and methods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We actively support our local
food banks for as long as people are in need of them but our policy is:-<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-No-one who is working should
be paid less than a living wage. The National Living Wage is discriminatory in
that it excludes under 25s. This section of the population are the most prone
to insecure zero-hours contracts. We will push for employers in the Borough to
pay their staff <b>at least</b> the National Living Wage regardless of age.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will encourage and
support fairer alternative credit services such as Colchester Credit Union.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">2. Our environment<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">The Green Party has long
recognised that climate change is the worst environmental hazard facing us.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We call for more stringent targets
for reduction of global, national and local greenhouse gas emissions and for
the establishment of effective enforcement mechanisms. <b>Our local policies</b>
in areas such as transport and planning reflect this commitment.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"></span><div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We are opposed to Essex County Council's use of glyphosate herbicides on our pavements.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will work with the Essex Wildlife Trust to promote bio-diversity.</span></div><div class="Standard">* We believe that Colchester Council needs an in-house ecologist to advise on ecological aspects of policy.<br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><o:p>* We will work with community groups to introduce more community wildlife gardens.</o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><o:p>*We will improve the cleaning up of litter by identifying litter ‘hot spots’ for more regular cleaning and by ensuring that <u>all</u> streets are thoroughly cleaned up every two weeks.</o:p></span></div>
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"></span><div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 15pt;"><u>Air quality is one of our top priorities-</u></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><strong><u></u></strong></span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Borough Council monitoring shows that air quality is now poor in many areas of the town. The central corridor, which runs from Mersea Road down to North Station, has some of the worst quality air in the Borough. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><span style="font-size: 15pt;"><em>Our own monitoring in Spring 2018 revealed very high levels of pollution in several Castle Ward streets including North Station Road and East Hill.</em></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will use local council powers to tackle air pollution by:-</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-enforcing the law on engine idling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-aiming to reduce traffic flow at key points <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-providing better alternatives to driving for local journeys such as exploring shuttle bus schemes</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-curbing speeds by </span><span style="font-size: 15pt;">introducing a default 20mph speed limit in residential areas to decrease the release of air pollutants and to reduce traffic accidents<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-working with bus companies to run cleaner and more reliable vehicles in Colchester<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">-provide more cycling infrastructure.</span></div>
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><strong><u>We recognise that overdevelopment is of major concern to Colchester residents-</u></strong></span><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will protect green spaces
from development and utilise brownfield sites.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will strive
to protect Salary Brook Valley and Middlewick Ranges from development. We will lobby the MOD to end the plan to sell off Middlewick Ranges for housing and campaign for the site to become a nature reserve. </span></div><div class="Standard"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will strive to minimise the negative environmental impact of the new town planned for near to Wivenhoe, which we opposed.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"></span> </div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><strong><u>Waste and Plastics- </u></strong></span><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will explore the introduction of heritage-based water fountains in central Colchester to reduce the consumption of bottled water. We will seek to involve local artists in this.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work with local retailers to explore ways to reduce plastic food packaging. <span style="font-size: 15pt;">We will lobby companies to use environmentally friendly packaging to reduce waste.<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will make sure
residents know about recycling options and about methods to reduce household
waste.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><o:p>*We will ensure that people living in flats have equal opportunity to recycle.</o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;"><strong>*</strong>We will use existing legislation to put pressure on fast-food outlets and coffee chains to reduce litter.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">3. The NHS<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">Our NHS is the most
effective public service ever created in the UK.<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">The Green Party will lobby national government to end the creeping
process of privatisation that is eroding it. We believe the NHS should remain a
unified public service and we oppose Private Finance Initiatives.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will rigorously campaign to persuade national government to<span style="color: red;"> </span>match growth in local population sizes with greater
NHS investment.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will lobby to establish Community Health Centres that
will provide community-based services.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We are the only Party to
consistently oppose cuts to local council services and the NHS.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will fight to ensure there are sufficient numbers of qualified
staff.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We will lobby national government to<span style="color: red;">
</span>ensure that mental healthcare has parity with physical healthcare.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We can reduce the cost of
healthcare by building a healthier society-tackling air pollution, reducing the
stress and stigma of unemployment, reducing inequality and overcrowded housing
and ensuring that everyone can have access to healthy, affordable food.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">4. Housing<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* We all want warm, safe and
secure homes. The current government have presided over the worst housing crisis in living
memory. At present house building is to meet market demand, not local need.
Social housing is essential to address this crisis.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* Colchester Green Party will
work to build and refurbish homes to meet everyone's need for secure and
comfortable housing. Council and co-operative housing will be prioritised for
funding, housing associations democratised and protections for private tenants
improved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will lobby
central government to fund the provision of new council housing and for an end
to blocking local councils from increasing their stock.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will utilise
brownfield sites for new housing rather than our countryside and ensure that
such sites are not left undeveloped for many years or developed into luxury
flats and PFI expensive student accommodation, which do not address the real
local need.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to ensure that
private landlords maintain their properties to a<span style="color: red;"> </span>very good standard.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will push for Colchester's
derelict buildings and shops to be brought back into use, including those above
shops.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">5. Leisure and tourism</span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: 16pt;">Colchester has a rich heritage and we fully recognise the importance of this both educationally and economically.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to restore and
make more accessible our heritage sites and to improve their advertising and
sign-posting.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work for the addition
of a Civil War Museum and liaise with battle
re-enactment groups with a view to staging more public events.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will explore ways of promoting Colchester's medieval heritage such as improving the St John's Abbey and St Botolphs Priory sites with better signage and/or visitor facilities.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will liaise
closely with the Balkerne Tower Trust regarding the options for bringing the
Jumbo water tower back into appropriate use.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to
ensure that there is more publicity and improved signposting of our Roman sites
such as Butt Road Church and the Roman Circus Museum.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to support the
development of our community and creative spaces.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will protect our Library
from the further selling-off of resources and
the conversion of whole floors as offices. We believe
that the library should remain a library rather than Council offices by another
name.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">6. Local democracy<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">* Time and again decisions
affecting Colchester are made by Essex County Council with no understanding of
what Colchester really needs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*<b>Localism</b> is central to
Green Party politics. We would campaign for more powers to be devolved from
County Council level to the Borough, particularly roads.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We believe that council
meetings should be as open and transparent as possible and more accessible to
those most affected by decisions made in those meetings.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to increase the
involvement of residents and residents' groups in council decision-making
processes by holding consultations at an early stage, before decisions are made
by officers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*The National Green Party is
campaigning for a change to a proportional representation electoral system,
replacing the undemocratic and unfair 'first past the post' system. We would
campaign for Colchester to pilot proportional representation systems for local
elections.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">7. Transport<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will campaign to bring the railways back into public
ownership, saving money and improving services, a policy supported by 66% of the
population.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will campaign to return
control of our roads to the Borough.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to end the
traffic problems in the town centre with a combination of affordable and
efficient public transport, improved cycle routes and by encouraging more walking
and car sharing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work with
local bus companies and provide financial incentives to facilitate cleaner,
less polluting buses.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will lobby for more
affordable fares and a proper bus station.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will push for a default 20mph speed limit on residential streets. </span></div><div class="Standard"><span style="font-size: 15pt;">Through these measures we would cut congestion, pollution and
reduce road casualties.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*GP councillors will push for
safe and properly planned cycle routes and the increased availability of cycle
parking and storage facilities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">8. Community safety<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will investigate why
Colchester has a higher crime rate per person than inner city Birmingham and
Liverpool. Solutions are complex but include many things that the Council can
influence such as licensing, design of public spaces and youth and leisure
facilities.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work to halt cuts to
police numbers and insist that any new development has a corresponding increase
in policing resources, in the fire department and in ambulance services.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">9. Defence<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*Colchester is a garrison
town. We would </span><span style="font-size: 15pt;">work to help veterans
train and find work and provide support for those suffering from physical and
psychological trauma.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">10. No nuclear at Bradwell<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We are strongly opposed to
the proposed new nuclear power station at Bradwell on safety, environmental and
economic grounds.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*The site is low-lying and
liable to flooding, storm surges and other coastal processes which will result
from climate change. It lies on a fragile and shallow estuary with Marine
Conservation Zone designation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*Bradwell is already a nuclear
waste site for radioactive waste from other power stations. New nuclear
development would increase the amount of waste.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*There were radioactive leaks
into the ground over a 14-year period to 2009 and a fire in 2011.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*Since 1952 there have been
more than 17 major accidents at nuclear power stations throughout the world.
Bradwell is only 9 miles from Colchester.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*A new nuclear power station
would take 6 times as much cooling water from the estuary as the old one,
seriously damaging the ecology of the estuary and the world-famous oyster
industry.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We advocate a tidal lagoon
system which releases water at high tide, allowing water to flow out through
turbines at low tide, generating electricity. Grid infrastructure formerly used
at Bradwell nuclear power station could be utilised for this.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 16pt;">11. Education<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will lobby central government to<span style="color: red;">
</span>end tuition fees for students and replace loans with grants. Students
leaving Essex University now face an average debt of £45,000.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will promote a
comprehensive system of local schools and lobby
national government to bring Academies and Free Schools under Local
Authority control.</span><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will campaign for
increased education spending. Funding cuts and privatisation are seriously
affecting Sixth Form Colleges and adult education. Colchester has a large and
successful Sixth Form College.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*Many children have to travel
several miles to school every day because their parents don't have confidence
in their local schools or because school places aren't available. We will work
to ensure that every child can attend their local school.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<br /></div>
<div class="Standard">
<b><span style="font-size: 15pt;">12. Animal
Welfare<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">The Green Party
has long recognised the need to treat animals</span><span style="color: red; font-size: 15pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15pt;">well. Nationally the Green Party fully supports the ban on hunting with hounds.</span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will ensure
that all Council run catering services provide vegetarian and vegan options.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="Standard">
<span style="font-size: 15pt;">*We will work
closely with animal welfare organisations and law enforcement agencies to
ensure that reported animal abuse is investigated thoroughly.</span><br />
</div>
<div align="center" class="Standard" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="Standard" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 15pt;">COLCHESTER GREEN PARTY<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div align="center" class="Standard" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="Standard" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: 18pt;">For the Common Good<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-55746346675537849402016-11-13T11:08:00.001-08:002016-11-13T14:35:05.717-08:00Donald Trump and the Catastrophic Failure of the Left<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<em>"The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer".</em> Donald J. Trump<br />
<br />
The idea of Donald Trump rebranding himself as a champion of the forgotten working class of America is about as absurd as politics gets. Yet amid all of the online fury and liberal media whining, it is clear that millions of working class Americans did vote for Trump just as many of them voted for Brexit in the UK. Maybe not a majority, but enough to make a difference. It may be true that Trump didn't actually win the election in numbers terms since he lost the popular vote. However until the US and UK reform their unfair electoral systems candidates have to work with what they have and in the key swing states where Trump and Clinton concentrated their efforts Trump won and that is what matters. Just as with Brexit, his victory says more about the failures of the left than it does about Trump himself who may well turn out to be the kind of loud PT Barnum type conman that America produces so well. <br />
If you don't understand why millions of people voted for Trump, you are probably part of the reason why they did is an adage being bandied around social media and it's one I basically agree with. It may be true that there's a sucker born every minute, as Barnum once famously said. However whining on about how Trump voters are stupid, thick and too dim to realise that they've just voted for a billionaire con-merchant will achieve absolutely nothing. Of course they know that he's a billionaire who doesn't want to pay his taxes just as much as they know that he's a foul-mouthed boorish oaf who boasted about groping women. But for many who voted for him all of that is secondary to the fact that he offers something that seems different to the mainstream politicians of both left and right who have failed to address their economic concerns. Too many commentators on the left are content to just point out the ridiculous irony of all of this and go no further. <br />
Liberal free-trade and globalisation are felt to have thrown whole communities open to worldwide competition. Jobs are believed to be moving to where labour is the cheapest, for example from the US to Mexico, and cheap labour is believed to be being imported in to keep the labour costs of US workers down. Of course the reality is much more sophisticated than that however, just as in the UK, real wages have declined since 2008 in many areas. The big puzzle is why many people in the US and the UK do not seem to place the ultimate blame for all this on the right-wing neo-liberal policies of the Reagan-Thatcher years or the banker-created crash of 2008 and indeed are rushing to vote for right wing politicians rather than the anti-establishment left.<br />
Except that it isn't really a puzzle at all, it is surprisingly clear why this is happening. Since the downfall of communism, the mainstream left has struggled for an identity and has consciously sought to adopt huge chunks of the neo-liberal agenda. Blairism, Clintonism or whatever you want to call the centre-left has pursued policies of privatisation, PFI deals, deregulation and liberalisation of free trade and free movement. This shamelessly pro big business agenda has left whole communities adrift in a sea of decline. Moreover the centre-left has recast itself as being mainly about 'identity politics' , or rather this is how it seems to many. So the image of the left seems to be mainly about rights for minorities, diversity, opposing hate speech, safe spaces and political correctness. What the left has failed to do is to advance an alternative economic strategy to neo-liberalism. It's as if they threw their hands up in the air (collectively of course) in 1991 and said, "Ok, we've lost the economic arguments, but we have something else to offer instead." Bad move. As Bill Clinton himself once said, "It's the economy stupid". Identity politics has absolutely achieved great things and made the world a better place. A sizeable chunk of Trump voters in the swing states also voted for Obama, the first black president. However without an economic plan for those damaged by neo-liberalism a vast opportunity for the right has been opened up.<br />
Moreover, Trump and Brexit are not the same right as Thatcher and Reagan. They have much in common of course however Trump has championed protectionism in his speeches. The whole idea of Brexit makes no economic sense in neo-liberal terms and for all her hand bagging of European leaders and 'no, no, no' rhetoric, Thatcher saw the EU as being about free trade. What is happening is that the right is appearing to offer a kind of interventionist kicking of the neo-liberal elites on the economic issue. While the left remains tainted by the Clinton and Blair years.<br />
Some centre-left commentators are taking comfort from the generation gap and pointing out that older voters tended to vote for Trump and Brexit while younger voters backed Clinton and Remain. So all they have to do is wait for the old to depart this mortal coil and all will be well. Very complacent thinking. In the US election only 54% of millenials backed Clinton, 6% down on those who backed Obama. Millenials also remain the age group least likely to vote in both the US and UK. Part of this may be down to the inability of an 'establishment' candidate like Hillary Clinton to turbo-charge her core age group in the same way that Trump did his. Yet it is still surprising that more of them didn't get out there and vote when they are so liberal on rights issues that they seem to exist in a perpetual state of being bitterly offended by something or other. To the easily bruised millenials, Trump must seem like the devil incarnate, hell's vile intelligencer, the incarnation of the beast. Again it comes down to the failure of the mainstream left in the US to offer a convincing or engaging enough economic alternative. Bernie may have done it, but Bernie wasn't on the ticket. There is no guarantee that millenials will have the same political outlook in twenty years time that they have now. Consider what happened to the baby-boomers. Also it is facile just to lump all millenials together as a homogeneous group. A middle class student at Berkeley will see things very differently to an unemployed labourer's son in Allentown. <br />
It is clear also that voters today are less partisan. The old 'left-right' paradigm is fading away and people are more likely to switch their allegiances, including the millenials. Terms such as 'left-wing', 'socialist' and so on are not so much toxic as obsolete to many. Even Momentum has chosen a non-ideological brand name for itself. <br />
So what now? If the so-called progressives on both sides of the pond want to stop the march of the right, and they certainly do, then they must start listening to those people who are voting for the right, particularly disaffected people from working class communities. Middle class progressives will have to pay more tax, it is as simple as that. The middle classes must give a greater proportion of their wealth up to those underneath them and the liberal-left sections of the middle class will need to make this happen. This will necessitate a fundamental shift in their thinking away from the neo-liberal consensus of the last 35 years. They will need to acquire the popular touch, which is an anathema to many on the left of politics. Unfortunately the opposite of being popular is being unpopular. Get it? Above all they will need to stop talking down their noses at ordinary people and their concerns. <br />
It is essential to advance an economic agenda which clearly challenges neo-liberalism, de-regulation and big business while offering economic security. For Greens, this means showing how renewable energy, conservation and the green economy can revive communities while a universal citizens' income will provide greater security. It means challenging the nonsense offered up by the likes of Trump that tax cuts and welfare cuts will make the marginalised better off. Above all it means offering an alternative to both Trump and the grey political establishment.<br />
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<strong>Further reading:</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-identity-politics-couldnt-clinch-a-clinton-win/2016/11/11/ed3bf966-a773-11e6-8fc0-7be8f848c492_story.html?postshare=3661479075893028&tid=ss_tw" target="_blank">https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why-identity-politics-couldnt-clinch-a-clinton-win/2016/11/11/ed3bf966-a773-11e6-8fc0-7be8f848c492_story.html?postshare=3661479075893028&tid=ss_tw</a><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-14767613736996567492016-09-10T12:55:00.002-07:002016-09-10T13:09:55.123-07:00Living the Good Life: Eco House Open Day In Clacton<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I had an enjoyable and inspiring afternoon learning about self-sufficiency and Eco DIY at the Eco House Open Day in Clacton today. <br />
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In only 9 years, Tendring Green Party member Chris Southall and family have turned a 1930s home and small plot of land into an example of more self-sufficient living. Solar panels generate electricity, while rainwater in recycled and also bathwater via a reed bed. They grow 60% of their own food and the garden is brimming with apple trees, pear trees, vegetable plots and a polytunnel. There are several large vines brimming with grapes and you can find out about beekeeping and buy some of their honey. The very friendly hens roam freely around the garden and produce a good supply of eggs while the large pond is alive with frogs and newts. <br />
We don't all have the time or land to do all of this but if most of us just did some of this we could make a difference.<br />
I also met some people who are staying (and working) at the house as part of the <strong>WWOOF UK (World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms) </strong>project (see link below).<br />
<a href="http://www.wwoof.org.uk/" target="_blank">http://www.wwoof.org.uk/</a><br />
Basically you sign up to WWOOF as either a volunteer or a host and then as a volunteer you get to stay with organic food growers and self-sufficiency people and learn new skills, techniques and methods. <br />
Below are some pictures from the open day:<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Tendring Eco Group Info<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3jXqvZMR94s1BdArs4GazViz7Xk-yQ7VQX3MG9BS8TWK1RCF9jwaN5PdT9ehgcrynq1kSVtNL97xL-WxPOKauZbx_aSh7C16n6QA52-BYjQwD779FL6bjV-R-G_dJo9IAGNOuRv1E5Rc/s1600/IMG_0386.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3jXqvZMR94s1BdArs4GazViz7Xk-yQ7VQX3MG9BS8TWK1RCF9jwaN5PdT9ehgcrynq1kSVtNL97xL-WxPOKauZbx_aSh7C16n6QA52-BYjQwD779FL6bjV-R-G_dJo9IAGNOuRv1E5Rc/s320/IMG_0386.JPG" width="240" /></a><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Bee Hives<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-88226228045308615382016-07-24T08:13:00.000-07:002016-07-24T08:25:10.431-07:00Book recommendation: "A Citizens' Income" Clive Lord<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Given that Clive Lord is running for the leadership of The Green Party, I decided to read his book "A Citizens' Income" and was very impressed. I'd recommend it to anyone wanting an introduction to green political thought. He manages to explain some rather complex ideas in a way that is straightforward and understandable, which is no easy task.<br />
The first part of the book deals with the ecological crisis facing the planet and why we need a complete 'paradigm shift' to have any hope of solving it, meaning a shift in the fundamental world view shared by a significant number of people. Lord explains the exponential principle underlying economic growth and how the main problem humanity faces concerns <strong>'the tragedy of the commons'.</strong> Put simply the tragedy of the commons is the tendency of people to make rational decisions which are in their short-term self interest but go completely against our long-term interests and those of the planet. For example a situation where nations recognise the long-term dangers of climate change but each individual one is reluctant to reduce their emissions if it affects their individual nations' economic growth. Lord uses the example of Easter Island as an example of a society that went to pot because of the tragedy of the commons (hence the cover design showing Easter Island statues), where a once thriving community destroyed all of its trees and much of its wildlife and ended up in a state of perpetual war and cannibalism as a result. Lord elaborates on some of the possible future consequences of unfettered growth and environmental destruction in the disturbing chapter, "Racism and the Environmental Crisis". <br />
That is not to say that the book is one long doom laden prophesy of a 'Soylent Green' future, far from it. The second part of the book offers an optimistic possible way out and route to achieving a 'paradigm for sustainability', meaning a cultural attitude shift in the direction of green living. Lord suggests that the establishment of a <strong>'Citizens' Income'</strong> is essential to this. A Citizens' Income would be a guaranteed payment to everyone, regardless of whether they are in work or not and free from any means testing or penalties. Lord argues convincingly that this would break the link between providing people with the means to sustain themselves and endless 'job creation' which takes no account of whether the jobs are environmentally beneficial or destructive. Lord argues that a minimum wage does not work because it fails to break this link and also that means tested benefits simply mean that the poor are subsidised by the slightly less poor rather than the wealthy. He devotes several chapters to explaining the economic arguments behind this with much convincing data. Lord ends on a positive note:<br />
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<em>"As long as there is uncontrolled expansion of either population or economic activity, the Tragedy of the Commons is in motion.... The escape plan set out here may be improbable, but it is possible. The same logic applied to both the slave trade and child labour. The first to renounce either risked putting themselves at a commercial disadvantage, but an overwhelming consensus nevertheless developed in each case and they did disappear". (Clive Lord "A Citizens' Income" , pub. Jon Carpenter 2003, page131).</em><br />
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Clive Lord recommends the following books be read as well:<br />
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Colin Hines "Localization - A Global Manifesto", Earthscan, London, 2000.<br />
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Clive Ponting "A Green History of the World", Sinclair Stevenson, London 1991.<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-52268488014416235802016-07-24T05:50:00.000-07:002016-07-24T06:16:27.616-07:00Polluted Lakes and Fines for Non-recyclersThere were two green issue related stories in Friday's Gazette which immediately caught my attention. Both raise important and different questions regarding how best to deal with the issues concerned and to engage public support.<br />
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<strong><u>Pollution in Wivenhoe</u></strong><br />
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The first story concerns levels of pollution in ponds and lakes in Wivenhoe, off Rectory Hill, which run into the River Colne. It seems that long streak of orange gunge has appeared on the water and dozens of dead birds and fish have been found. One of the lakes has been tested for arsenic and has been found to contain 1,320mg per kg when the upper safe limit is 17mg per kg. Additionally high levels of aluminium and manganese have been found. This is a shocking level of pollution and no wonder that that local residents have started to hold meetings to raise awareness of this. <br />
According to the Gazette article there have been suggestions that a local gravel pit may be to blame for this. It is imperative that the Environment Agency get to the bottom of this as soon as possible, however there seems to be a fundamental problem. This being that the Environment Agency is basing its conclusions on water samples rather than sediment tests. This is blatantly inadequate given that heavy rain can dilute and distort water sample readings while the sediment remains full of pollutants. <br />
<strong>Clearly they need to get testing the sediment and then get tough with either the quarrying company or whoever else is responsible for this situation.</strong><br />
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<strong><u>Bin Fines for Poor Recyclers?</u></strong><br />
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The second story is a rather alarming one about potential fines for people who are poor recyclers. According to the article Colchester's recycling rate has dropped from 46.3%in 2014-15 to 45.2% last year. Not much of a drop but a drop nonetheless. However Cllr Tim Young (Lab) is threatening to get tough with the public and, .."look at (using) the stick..." to get more people recycling. He states:<br />
<em>"If you start fining people, which we can do, then they are not going to like it but that is what it might take".</em><br />
Well yes, they are not going to like it one bit and that raises a number of problems. We absolutely need to get more people recycling and Cllr Young is quite right to want to achieve this. My concerns however are on the specific approach of dishing out fines and whether this would work. On the one hand it is unclear as to what criteria would be applied when dealing out fines. Would they be for people putting out too many black bags, for putting recyclable items in black bags or what? Are all of our black bags about to be opened and fished through by council snoopers looking for plastic milk bottles or cans? It is right to ask these questions because of my second concern, that being that the council could risk alienating the public and making them hate recycling as an imposition enforced by snoopers and jobsworths. This is the last thing we need. Moreover as Cllr Young pints out, there has to be cross-party agreement on this for it to work. All it would take is for one of the major parties to campaign against what they would call 'punitive fines' and the plan would probably be sunk.<br />
Therefore I'd try and get away from the fines approach or at least only use them as a very last resort. Surely it is better to <strong>reward</strong> those people who do recycle in some way. How about a small council tax rebate for those who recycle? This could be funded by a slightly higher charge on those who never use recycling bins/bags or use them less than five times per year. <br />
<strong>This would get away from the word fines with all of its criminal justice system implications.</strong> Evidence suggests that the 5p plastic bag charge has both worked in reducing the amount of bags used and carried public opinion with it. It can be done however it needs careful thinking and I'm not convinced that outright fines is the best approach.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-78111217511486537352016-06-19T09:36:00.002-07:002016-06-19T09:36:43.369-07:00The Green Party's Future: Ecologist, Lib Dems on Bikes or Labour Lite?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The upcoming Green Party leadership election will, I suspect, receive little national media attention until the result is announced. However I believe it to be one of the most important moments in the party's history and one which will decide the direction of travel which this party takes for a long time. <br />
Unfortunately the decision by Caroline Lucas to announce her joint candidature with Jonathan Bartley before any other candidates had announced theirs risks creating a done deal, a fait accompli. Caroline is an MP and former leader who has a huge personal appeal and so other candidates will be reluctant to stand against her. This risks denying the party the internal debate which it needs as well as creating a situation where Jonathan Bartley could be elected joint leader not on his own merits but on the coat tails of someone else. This is not undemocratic but it does seem like a manipulation of the rules.<br />
The Green Party stands at a crossroads and there are three main possible directions of travel. In my view only one of them is genuinely green and the dangers lie in the following two directions being taken:<br />
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<strong>1) Lib Dems on Bikes. </strong><br />
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The danger of putting too much emphasis on a 'professional' media image and talking from a script approach is that the party ends up with a vaguely left of centre liberal ethos which amounts to little more than wishy washy rhetoric about 'fairness' and 'internationalism' and a policy approach similar to the Lib Dems when led by Charles Kennedy. There is of course also a danger that a kind of Green Blairism takes hold with a slick, centrist careerism and a centre-right approach however I believe that the former scenario is more likely. There is an element within the party who are very Lib Demmy in their approach: vaguely interested in social justice, very pro-EU, liberal on social issues and refugees but hostile to the idea of serious redistribution of wealth, trade unions and the Labour left as personified by Jeremy Corbyn. <br />
While I accept that many of this grouping have genuine environmental concerns, this seems to be confined to a light green approach of wishing to promote cycling, cleaner air, growing your own food, eco-friendly consumerism and so on. There is no sense of any desire for a serious and radical change in the direction of the UK or the world or for seriously challenging the assumptions behind endless economic growth and the destruction of the countryside. Many seem to believe that the planet can be saved if individuals just make the right choices in the marketplace and buy Ecover washing up liquid instead of Fairy Liquid.<br />
I also accept that this is coupled with genuine concerns about social justice however this is seldom coupled with any radical critique of the neo-liberal economic system which creates inequality and erodes working-class living standards. It seems more about a rather namby pamby sense of niceness involving doing a lot for charity and worthy causes but remaining averse to paying more taxes or supporting trade unions when they stand up for the pay and conditions of their members. <br />
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<strong>2) Labour Lite</strong><br />
<strong></strong><br />
On the other hand there is also the danger that the Green Party could ends up as little more than a left-wing offshoot of the Labour Party which attempts to 'out-Corbyn ' Corbyn. Much of the Green surge of 2015 was due to younger people looking for a left-wing alternative to New Labour and a feeling that so-called 'Red Ed' was both uninspiring and not very red at all. This approach, which can be found on the <em>Bright Green</em> website and is personified by members such as Adam Ramsay, tends to combine a thinly-veiled contempt for ecological Greens with a radical left-wing social agenda involving redistribution of wealth, equality for 'Liberation Groups', anti-austerity and an obsession with bureaucracy and taking over the party structures.<br />
However this is a new left devoid of the sort of class-war rhetoric or support for trade unionism found within the SWP or old Labour . It is Socialism-lite for the Facebook generation which shuns anything rooted in the history of the labour movement, Marxism, syndicalism or anything that smells of the organised working class. It has more in common with the new-left of the late 1960s and early 1970s although lacking that era's utopian visions, radical edge or cultural backdrop. <br />
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<u><strong>THE DANGERS</strong></u><br />
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The Green Party is a broad church and there is room for people who share both of the above approaches . The dangers lie in either of the two above groupings gaining ground and becoming the dominant force within it. That is because the end result could well be a Green Party in name only.<br />
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<strong>The 'Lib Dems on Bikes' approach may well win us a few more seats however it would alienate many people who joined the Green Party for a radical alternative to the grey parties.</strong> The left of the party would clearly be alienated but also this approach would replace a genuine ecologist or green ethos with something barely distinguishable from the Lib Dems. Any centrist politician can be vaguely pro-green so why would anyone bother supporting a Green Party that has no radical ecologist agenda when this is no different from other parties? I didn't join the Green Party because I want people to see me as 'nice', I joined the Green Party because it is the only political party which has ecological concerns at the core of its origins and ethos as well as a radical approach to social justice.<br />
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<strong>The 'Labour-lite' approach would narrow our appeal, prevent us winning seats and change the party into a left-wing talking shop. </strong>There are many areas of policy where the ecologists and much of the Labour left disagree such as their commitment to economic growth and their desire to build, build build over our countryside. Even a basic knowledge of socialist history in Europe shows that while there are those on the left that have been strong on green issues, there are many more who have not. The Soviet Union was an ecological disaster. <br />
Clearly it is possible to be an eco-socialist and to fight for a radical green agenda and socialism at the same time. However the Green Party can never win elections just by poaching voters from the Labour Party. It will never be able to take enough as many Labour voters will still stay with Labour, no matter how right-wing it goes, as they did under Blair. To win, the Green Party needs to be broad enough in its appeal and rhetoric to take voters from all the other parties, including even the Conservatives and UKIP. An overly leftist image might perform well in a university campus context but not in wider society.<br />
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<strong><u>THE FUTURE MUST BE ECOLOGISM </u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
The Green Party cannot just be a single issue party and where I do agree with the <em>Bright Green </em>grouping is that we can't just talk about the environment and nothing else. We have to have a range of policies including those that promote equality and stand up for public services and the socially disadvantaged and excluded. Also this should mean something in real terms and in our policies, rather than just being a vague, namby pamby, bleeding-heart, Lib Dem sense of civic niceness which doesn't amount to much in reality.<br />
<strong>However if we downplay our commitment to environmental issues we will lose our soul and lose our purpose. We need to re-assert our ecologism.</strong> <br />
The Green Party was founded in 1973 as <em>PEOPLE</em> (later renamed <em>The Ecology Party</em> in 1975) with ecological concerns at its heart. Its founders were inspired by <strong><em>The Limits to Growth, </em></strong>a 1972 book about the <span style="color: black;">computer simulation</span> of exponential economic and population growth with finite resource supplies. Ecologism is not a centrist approach, rather it challenges all of the assumptions of neo-liberal politics; the need for economic growth, centralised decision making, increasing consumption and global inequality. <br />
Green issues can win us support from across the political spectrum. Many voters are worried about the countryside being concreted over with huge housing estates. They are fed up with seeing their towns grow without a corresponding investment in infrastructure. Issues such as climate change, world population and pollution are concerns for everyone regardless of political background.<br />
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<strong>We need to end the watering-down of the Green Party's ecologism and to re-assert <em>The Limits to Growth </em>in our party's philosophy.</strong><br />
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<strong><u>THE NEXT GREEN PARTY LEADER</u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
Whoever is elected as the new Green Party leader or leaders needs to be rooted in ecologism. Yes the party is a broad church and can have within it watermelons, centrists, people here for the social events and so on. However the leader should be someone rooted in the core ethos of the movement, someone to take us in the right direction. <strong>Yes they also need to be media savvy but not to the extent of being someone who is presentable precisely because they don't believe in the party's values like Tony Blair was in relation to Labour.</strong> <br />
It would also be a mistake to elect a watermelon leader whose aim is to slowly peel off their outer skin until all that remains is the red. <br />
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<strong>The next leader needs to be Green rather than Lib Dem or Corbyn lite. Otherwise the Green Party could well be on the road to nowhere.</strong><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-25682911641305892772016-05-30T05:46:00.000-07:002016-05-30T05:46:15.695-07:00Colchester Borough Council, Glyphosates and Monsanto<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I keep hearing that Colchester Borough Council are <em>still</em> spraying Monsanto produced glyphosates all over our pavements and also in Castle Park where children play. It is time that they came clean on this and issued an official statement as to whether they are or are not doing this and if so explaining the extent of the usage.<br />
Glyphosates are herbicides and part of a wider family of chemicals called organophosphates, which were developed as a result of nerve gas experiments carried out in the Second World War. The group is very toxic to fish, earthworms and bees. Glyphosates are used as a weed killer and were brought to the market in 1974 by Monsanto under the trade name <strong>Roundup</strong> . Roundup, the commercial name of Glyphosate based herbicides, contains many other chemicals which, when mixed together are 1,000 times more toxic than Glyphosate on its own.<br />
<strong>The World Health Organisation’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), concluded ‘Glyphosate is probably carcinogenic to humans’.</strong> The newly recognised dangers of Glyphosate come against a background of increased use in the UK. Glyphosate is used in public parks and other urban areas to kill weeds, and in the last year for which government figures are available, nearly a third of UK cereals, wheat and barley, were sprayed with Glyphosate – a total of just over one million hectares.<br />
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<em>The Soil Association</em> is calling for a UK ban on the use of Glyphosates sprayed on UK wheat as a pre-harvest weedkiller and its use to kill the crop to ripen it faster. New figures analysed by <em>the Soil Association</em> from government data were released at a scientific briefing in London on 15 July 2015. <strong>This revealed Glyphosate use in UK farming has increased by 400% in the last 20 years and it’s one of the three pesticides regularly found in routine testing of British bread - appearing in up to 30% of samples tested by the Defra committee on Pesticide Residues in Food (PRiF).</strong><br />Professor Christopher Portier, one of the co-authors of the Organisation’s International Agency for Research on Cancer’s (IARC) recent report which determined Glyphosate’s status as World Health a probable carcinogen, reiterated the IARC’s conclusions, and said: “Glyphosate is definitely genotoxic. There is no doubt in my mind.”<br />
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<strong>In the light of this, I think we all have a right to know whether or not and if so why Colchester Borough Council is using these deadly poisons in our public places.</strong><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-14125659303502631752016-05-30T04:57:00.000-07:002016-05-30T05:03:43.142-07:00Nature Notes 3: Wildflowers For Your Garden<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<em>"Weeds are flowers too once you get to know them".</em><br />
A. A Milne<br />
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Making a wildflower garden is very easy; just dig and rake over some soil or put some compost in pots and leave it to see what appears. However you may wish to manage things a bit more carefully if you want to avoid just the most common of plants. You can obtain a surprising number of wildflower seeds on ebay, however here are two easy to grow plants that I have tried growing:<br />
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<strong><u>RAGGED ROBIN</u></strong><br />
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Ragged Robin (<em>Lychnis flos-cuculi) </em>is a perennial with ragged, deeply-lobed pink petals in the family Caryophyllaceae. It is a widespread though locally declining plant of marshes, damp meadows and wet woodland clearings. Carried on tall stems above clumps of dark green, strapped-shaped leaves, the lacy flowers appear to hang in the air like a mist. <br />
Unfortunately Ragged Robin is in decline in Britain due to modern agricultural practices. Wet meadows, rush-pastures and fens have been drained for agriculture so that marsh plants have become much less frequent than before World War Two. Ragged Robins bloom from May to August, occasionally later, and attract both butterflies and bees which feed on the nectar.<br />
Ragged Robin is easy to grow, however it doesn't like to fight too hard with other plants for space. I grow it in pots and it needs to be kept damp so I grow mine in pots with no holes in the bottom. Clumps can be lifted and divided in autumn or sow fresh seed in late summer and leave outside to germinate the following spring. The seeds are very easy to collect as they sit in a cup-shaped flower head which can just be tipped over a jar.<br />
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<strong><u>RED CAMPION</u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
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<br />
Red Campion ( <em>Silene dioica </em>) is a biennial or short-lived perennial which, like Ragged Robin, is in the family Caryophyllaceae. It grows in woodland, shady lanes, hedgerows and on mountain ledges and coastal cliffs. The bright rose-pink flowers of Red Campion brighten up roadsides throughout the summer. Just as the Bluebells finish flowering in our woodlands, Red Campion starts to come into bloom. If they grow side-by-side for a few weeks, they can turn a woodland floor into an amazing sea of pink and blue.<br />
Red Campion prefers to grow in shady parts of the garden and does not tolerate marshy soil as well as Ragged Robin, so it needs pots with holes in the bottom. It is prone to blackfly. The seeds are easy to collect, just shake the seed heads over a jar.<br />
<br />
<strong><u>FURTHER READING</u></strong><br />
<strong><u></u></strong><br />
"The Encyclopedia of British Wild Flowers" John Akeroyd<br />
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"Weeds" Richard Mabey<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-90750486743894522042016-05-08T07:48:00.002-07:002016-05-08T07:48:40.505-07:00So Close, But We Live To Fight Another Day<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
I finally made it home from the local election count on Friday morning at 5.30 am and managed about an hour and a half of sleep before getting up for work. I'm getting too old for this, yet I'm surprised how much I still managed to function on Friday, especially given that this was the most tense, frustrating and intensely disappointing election count that I've been to so far since I returned to being politically active in 2012. Yet Colchester Green Party did achieve its best ever local election result. Overall we achieved over 9% across Colchester, however in Castle Ward I came within 21 votes of gaining a seat on Colchester Borough Council. As you can see below, with <strong>21 more votes</strong> I would have beaten both Bill Frame and Daniel Ellis and taken the third place seat, it was that close at the top. <br />
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CASTLE - Conservative/Liberal Democrat<br />
<br />
NICK Barlow (Lib Dem) 881<br />
DARIUS Laws (Con) 854<br />
DANIEL Ellis (Con) 801<br />
BILL Frame (Lib Dem) 792<br />
BARRY Gilheany (Lab) 452<br />
MARK Goacher (Green) 781<br />
CHARLES Ham (Green) 451<br />
JO Hayes (Lib Dem) 769<br />
AMANDA Kirke (Green) 511<br />
KATE Martin (Con) 759<br />
ISOBEL Merry (Lab) 484<br />
JORDAN Newell (Lab) 427<br />
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I wish to thank everyone who voted for me and for all the Green Party candidates on Thursday. Especially I want to thank all those people out there who voted primarily for other parties, but gave us their third vote because they wanted to see a fresh voice on the council. I'm very sorry that you didn't get that fresh voice however we came close and will keep campaigning on the issues which we highlighted in the campaign. Colchester will now need a Green voice more than ever in the years ahead. We will keep pressing for more investment in our town centre, for better air quality, for more infrastructure investment and for the protection of our countryside and green spaces.<br />
<br />
What the election result highlights more than anything is the futility of tactical voting. I was told on the doorstep by a number of people that they were reluctant to vote for me even though they preferred the Green Party message because I was less likely to win than the Lib Dems. Well I beat one of the Lib Dem candidates, came within 12 votes of beating another and I also beat one of the Conservatives and came within 21 votes of beating another. <strong>Therefore if I'd just had 21 of those tactical votes I would have won the seat. Greens can win in Castle Ward, its as simple as that.</strong><br />
<br />
I was surprised and disappointed on election night that the defeated Lib Dem candidates chose to make a series of rude comments to one of my fellow candidates, accusing us of causing their defeat. I understand that Bill Frame went on BBC Essex on Friday morning to spout the same line. I found this highly ungracious and it just reveals them to be bad losers. It is a flawed analysis, given that I won a significant number of third votes from Conservative voters, not just Lib Dem and Labour voters. <strong>Furthermore the Lib Dem candidates lost due to their own failings, because they failed to inspire, because they supported the wrong policies, such as the ridiculous "garden settlements" debacle and above all because they let us all down so badly in 2010.</strong> We don't have to take the accusation that we "let in Tories" from a party that enthusiastically joined a Conservative government for five years and backed every policy. They should take a good hard look at themselves before blaming others.<br />
<br />
<strong>The Green Party will continue to campaign hard for a better Colchester and for cleaner and greener policies.</strong> <br />
<br />
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-36775583010803916272016-04-16T06:26:00.000-07:002016-04-16T06:26:05.955-07:00Only the Greens Will Defend Colchester Library<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Only <a class="profileLink" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/page.php?id=326528790852" href="https://www.facebook.com/colchestergreenparty/">Colchester Green Party</a> will defend Colchester Library from further downgrading. At the Pensioners' Action Group Hustings yesterday, the representatives of ALL the other parties defended moving council services into the library and changing its purpose. Indeed they are all threatening to move even more public services into there using the ridiculous "Community Hub" piece of flim flam. Which means that Colchester library could end up with a small stock of populist fiction of the Catherine Cookson/Jackie Collins ilk and little else.<br />
I care passionately about libraries because, as a teacher of History for 26 years, I know that it is only by reading developed arguments, extended explanations and different interpretations in books that students can learn the skills necessary to write extended prose themselves. You simply cannot learn as effectively by reading bite-sized chunks of information. <br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-206943679679236822016-04-15T09:59:00.001-07:002016-04-24T11:29:26.715-07:00COLCHESTER GREEN PARTY FULL MANIFESTO 2016<span lang=""></span><br />
<h2 align="CENTER">
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<span style="color: #38761d;">Colchester and District Green Party</span></span></h2>
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</span><br />
<h2>
<span lang="">
<span style="color: #38761d;">
</span><span style="color: #38761d;"> For the Common Good</span></span></h2>
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</span><b><span style="color: #00ae00;"><span style="color: #00ae00;"></span></span></b><br />
<div align="CENTER">
<b><span style="color: #00ae00;"><span style="color: #00ae00;">Our Manifesto for 2016</span></span></b><br />
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<b><span style="color: #00ae00;"><span style="color: #00ae00;">
</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;">The Green Party will work for:</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*An economy that gives everyone their fair share</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">*A society capable of supporting everyone's needs<br />
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*A planet protected from the threat of climate change<br />
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*A more democratic political system <br />
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The Green Party is the only Party that offers <b>a genuine alternative</b> to the other Parties to develop the local economy, to protect the local environment and to create a new kind of democratic politics.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">LOCAL ECONOMY</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">* We would work to ensure that the growth of our town is matched by appropriate investment in infrastructure, such as schools, hospitals and public transport links.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We will support local businesses, encouraging schemes which keep money circulating within the local economy, instead of letting it be siphoned away by multinational corporations. We would support the funding of advice centres which will help those setting up a new shop or small business to deal with accountants and the tax man.<br />
*We will prioritise the town centre rather than out of town shopping centres.<br />
*We will explore ways of reducing the overheads of small businesses in the town centre.<br />
*We will seek to attract businesses to Colchester that focus on recycling, generating renewable energy, energy saving and home insulation. This would bring investment and new jobs to the area. <br />
*We will promote the building and upkeep of greener homes by giving grants for insulation and favouring design and build with low carbon materials and methods.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">OUR ENVIRONMENT & COUNTRYSIDE</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*The Green Party has long recognised that climate change is the worst environmental hazard facing us. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We call for more stringent targets for reduction of global, national and local greenhouse gas emissions and for the establishment of effective enforcement mechanisms. <b>Our local policies</b> in areas such as transport and planning reflect this commitment. <br />
*We will protect green spaces from development and utilise brownfield sites.<br />
*We are opposed to the council's use of dangerous herbicides on our pavements.<br />
*We will work with the Essex Wildlife Trust to promote bio-diversity.</span><br />
<span style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><span style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;">*<strong>We are opposed to the building of a huge new town on the countryside near to Marks Tey ('West Tey') and will make every effort to protect Salary Brook from urban sprawl.</strong></span><br />
</span></span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">THE NHS<br />
<br />
Our NHS is the most effective public service ever created in the UK.<br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*The Green Party nationally would end the creeping process of privatisation that is eroding it. We believe the NHS should remain a unified public service and we oppose Private Finance Initiatives.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We will match growth in local population sizes with pushing central government hard for greater NHS investment.<br />
*We will establish Community Health Centres that will provide community-based services.<br />
*We are the only party to consistently oppose cuts to local council services and the NHS.<br />
*We will strive to ensure there are sufficient numbers of qualified staff.<br />
*We will ensure that mental healthcare has parity with physical healthcare.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">WORK AND WELFARE</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*We can reduce the cost of healthcare by building a healthier society-tackling air pollution, by reducing the stress and stigma of unemployment, reducing inequality and overcrowded housing and ensuring that everyone can have access to healthy, affordable food.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We actively support food banks for as long as people are in need of them but our policy is:<br />
*No-one who is working should be paid less than a Living Wage.<br />
*Benefits payments should rise. The benefits sanctions regime is cruel and unnecessary.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">HOUSING</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*We all want warm, safe and secure homes. The Tories have presided over the worst housing crisis in living memory.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Colchester Green Party will work to build and refurbish homes to meet everyone's need for secure and comfortable housing. Council and co-operative housing will be prioritised for funding, housing associations democratised and protections for private tenants improved.<br />
*We will work to ensure that private landlords maintain their properties adequately.<br />
*We will push for Colchester's derelict buildings and shops to be brought back into use, including those above shops and particularly the old cinema in Crouch Street.<br />
*Colchester Green Party opposes the bedroom tax. No-one will be evicted who ends up in arrears because of this tax.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">LOCAL DEMOCRACY</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">Time and again decisions affecting Colchester are made by Essex County Council with no understanding of what Colchester really needs.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">
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*Localism is central to Green Party politics. We would campaign for more powers to be devolved from county council level to the borough, particularly roads. <br />
*We believe that council meetings should be as open and transparent as possible.<br />
*We will work to increase the involvement of residents and residents' groups in council decision-making processes by holding consultations at an early stage, before decisions are made by officers.<br />
*The National Green Party is campaigning for a change to a proportional representation electoral system, replacing the undemocratic and unfair 'first past the post' system. We would campaign for Colchester to pilot proportional representation systems for local elections.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">DEFENCE</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*Colchester is a garrison town. We would campaign to ensure that our armed services have the up-to-date equipment and resources they need to do their job properly and safely.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Cancelling the replacement for Trident will save an estimated £167 billion, some of which could be used to ensure that our soldiers have the best up-to-date equipment.<br />
</span><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "calibri"; font-size: small;">
</span></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;">AIR POLLUTION</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">Surveys show that air quality is now poor in many areas of the town.</span><br />
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Air quality is one of our top priorities<br />
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*We will use local council powers to tackle air pollution by:-<br />
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-reducing traffic flows at key points<br />
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-providing better alternatives to driving for local journeys<br />
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-curbing speeds<br />
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-introducing 20mph speed limit areas<br />
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-working with bus companies to run cleaner and more reliable vehicles in Colchester<br />
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-providing more cycle lanes <br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">TRANSPORT</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*We will work to bring the railways back into public ownership, saving money and improving services, a policy supported by 66% of the population.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We will campaign to return control of our roads to the Borough.<br />
*CGP will work to end the traffic problems in the town centre with a combination of affordable and efficient public transport, improved cycle routes and by encouraging more walking and car sharing.<br />
*CGP will press Essex County Council to make more effective use of the new park and ride bus lane with stops at the hospital and train station.<br />
*We will lobby for more affordable fares and a proper bus station.<br />
*We will introduce shared spaces for vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians-initially in Queen Street, with an aim to create an inner ring of the High Street, Queen Street, Osborne and St Johns Street and Head Street..<br />
*We will expand a 20mph speed limit in urban areas. Through these measures we would cut congestion, pollution and reduce road casualties.<br />
*GP councillors would push for safe and properly planned cycle routes and the increased availability of cycle parking and storage facilities.<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">COMMUNITY SAFETY</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*We will seriously examine why Colchester has a higher crime rate per person than inner city Birmingham and Liverpool. Solutions are complex but include many things that the Council can influence such as licensing, design of public spaces and youth and leisure facilities.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We will work to halt cuts to police numbers and insist that any new development has a corresponding increase in policing resources.</span><br />
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<strong><span style="font-size: large;">COLCHESTER'S HERITAGE</span></strong><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><strong>*</strong>Colchester has a fantastic Roman and Civil War heritage and needs to make more of it. We would improve the information at the Butt Road Roman Church site.We would also push for the funding of an English Civil War museum in Colchester and a proper memorial to King Charles I.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Colchester also played a major role in the 1381 Peasants' revolt. We would support contributing to the funding of a permanent statue to John Ball in Colchester and an exhibition detailing Colchester's medieval heritage.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We would work fully with other parties to secure the future of Jumbo in a non-partisan way. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*We would work with the Church of England to bring back into use St Martin's Church and St Leonard's Church as community centres offering local services both secular and spiritual.</span><br />
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</span></span><b><span style="font-size: large;">NO NUCLEAR AT BRADWELL</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*We are strongly opposed to the proposed new nuclear power station at Bradwell on safety, environmental and economic grounds.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Bradwell is already a nuclear waste site for radioactive waste from other power stations. New nuclear development would increase the amount of waste.<br />
*There were radioactive leaks into the ground over a 14-year period to 2009 and a fire in 2011.<br />
*Since 1952 there have been more than 17 major accidents at nuclear power stations throughout the world. Bradwell is only 9 miles from Colchester.<br />
*A new nuclear power station would take 6 times as much cooling water from the estuary as the old one, seriously damaging the ecology of the estuary and the world-famous oyster industry.<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">EDUCATION</span></b><br />
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</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">*The Green Party believes that all education should be free at the point of delivery.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">*Nationally we would end tuition fees for students and replace loans with grants. Students leaving Essex University now face an average debt of £45,000.<br />
*Nationally we would promote a comprehensive system of local schools and bring Academies and Free Schools back into the Local Authority system. Locally we would lobby central government on this and oppose academisation.<br />
*We would campaign for increased education spending. Funding cuts are seriously affecting Sixth Form Colleges and Colchester has a very high profile Sixth Form College.<br />
*Many children now have to travel several miles to school every day because their parents don't have confidence in their local schools or because school places aren't available. We would work to ensure that every child can attend their local school.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: large;">COLCHESTER GREEN PARTY</span></span></b></div>
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</span></span><b><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #00ae00; font-size: large;"> FOR A CLEANER, GREENER COLCHESTER</span></span></b>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-37089056420939542602016-04-07T11:41:00.002-07:002016-04-07T11:41:24.385-07:00The Green Party 2016 Local Election Broadcast<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/s2dNEQiHUUo/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/s2dNEQiHUUo?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-28472415136314778432016-03-30T04:33:00.000-07:002016-04-07T03:06:17.106-07:00A Use for Jumbo: Have Your Say!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgddVTjqG5dpxmFuhzmbK0BiFPGbE0jWDl_2kAwQgsSMqcKdahSW9mwBhogPitJkPK1sOipet3qdtUc-NJ2JetzZiE5l6OgMxUBUT2Bd2-1KUtQ2301iJvCqRcHCysLdHIftOk7hN9vrkY/s1600/Colchester%252520Jumbo%252520Water%252520Tower%25252011_10_2010%252520PA112357%2528c%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgddVTjqG5dpxmFuhzmbK0BiFPGbE0jWDl_2kAwQgsSMqcKdahSW9mwBhogPitJkPK1sOipet3qdtUc-NJ2JetzZiE5l6OgMxUBUT2Bd2-1KUtQ2301iJvCqRcHCysLdHIftOk7hN9vrkY/s320/Colchester%252520Jumbo%252520Water%252520Tower%25252011_10_2010%252520PA112357%2528c%2529.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
Colchester Green Party are keen to hear your views as to what should happen to Colchester's iconic Jumbo water tower, currently languishing in a semi-neglected state. You can vote in the poll on top right of leave a message with your suggestion. Possible options include:<br />
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<strong>1) A restaurant/café, </strong>which could offer panoramic views of Colchester, based of the principle of the Fehnsehturm in Berlin.<br />
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<strong>2) Penthouse apartments, </strong>utilising the space for housing.<br />
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<strong>3) A Civil War Exhibition. </strong>Jumbo becoming the location of the new English Civil War/Siege of Colchester museum which the Green Party are proposing, along with Charles I memorial.<br />
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<strong>4) Shops.</strong> Offering retailers an exciting opportunity to attract customers to a unique shopping experience. <br />
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<strong>5) An Eco-Tower. </strong>Allowed to return to nature as a site for nesting birds.<br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3008152319121866092.post-77729971714343958992016-03-29T08:38:00.002-07:002016-03-29T08:41:01.948-07:00The Disgusting State of Ipswich RoadSeveral people have reported potholes on Ipswich Road to me. So this morning I took a look for myself and this is what I found. The fact that they have been circled by county council operatives could make it harder to claim on the insurance if your car is damaged by one. Suffice to say I will be reporting these on the county council's website. You can report potholes here: <a href="http://www.essexhighways.org/tell-us-pothole.aspx" target="_blank">http://www.essexhighways.org/tell-us-pothole.aspx</a><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0